Tricholoma matsutake, known widely as "matsutake," has great commercial and cultural significance in Japan. Because Japanese production is insufficient to meet the high domestic demand, morphologically similar mushrooms, thought by many to belong to T. magnivelare, are imported from western North America. However, molecular data produced since the early 2000s have indicated that more than one species of matsutake occur in North America and this raises the question of correct naming for the different species. To address this question, we assessed the phylogenetic diversity within North American matsutake based on nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer [ITS] barcode) sequences, including newly obtained sequences from the type collections for Agaricus ponderosus and Armillaria arenicola, and morphological characters. Our results agree with earlier indications that three matsutake species occur in North America and allow us to clarify the correct application of names-T. magnivelare from the eastern USA and Canada, T. murrillianum from the western USA and Canada, and T. mesoamericanum from Mexico, newly described here. The existence of the three North American species is further supported by the results of evolutionary divergence analysis, geographical distributions, and morphological characters.

译文

松茸:在日本被广泛称为“松茸”,具有重要的商业和文化意义。由于日本的产量不足以满足国内的高需求,因此从北美西部进口了形态相似的蘑菇,许多人认为该蘑菇属于巨鳄。但是,自2000年代初以来获得的分子数据表明,北美地区有一种以上的松茸,这引起了对不同物种正确命名的问题。为了解决这个问题,我们基于nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2(内部转录间隔区[ITS]条码)序列(包括来自姬松茸和蜜环菌(Armelaria arenicola),和形态特征。我们的结果与较早的迹象相符,即北美存在三种松茸种,这使我们能够澄清名称T的正确用法。来自美国东部和加拿大的magnivelare,来自美国西部和加拿大的murrillianum和来自墨西哥的中美洲T. mesoamericanum,在此进行了新描述。进化差异分析,地理分布和形态特征的结果进一步支持了这三个北美物种的存在。

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