BACKGROUND:Deltamethrin 62.5 polymer-enhanced suspension concentrate (SC-PE) is one of the World Health Organization-approved insecticides for indoor residual spraying and was recommended to evaluate its residual activity for determination of appropriate spray cycles in different eco-epidemiologic settings. In the current study, efficacy of deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE was evaluated against vectors of malaria and its impact on malaria incidence in a Plasmodium falciparum hyper-endemic area in Koraput district, Odisha State, India. METHODS:The trial had two comparable arms, arm 1 with residual spraying of deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE and arm 2 with deltamethrin 2.5% WP (positive control). Comparative assessment of the impact of each intervention arm on entomological (density, parity, infection and human blood index), epidemiological (malaria incidence) parameters, residual efficacy and adverse effects were evaluated. RESULTS:Both the arms were comparable in terms of entomological and epidemiological parameters. While, deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE was found to be effective for 150 days in mud and wood surfaces and 157 days in cement surfaces; deltamethrin 2.5% was effective only for 105 days on mud surfaces and 113 days on cement and wood surfaces. CONCLUSIONS:Deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE had prolonged killing effectiveness up to 5 months. Hence, one round of IRS with deltamethrin 62.5 SC-PE would be sufficient to cover two existing malaria peak transmission seasons (July-August and October-November) in many parts of India.

译文

背景:溴氰菊酯62.5聚合物增强悬浮剂(SC-PE)是世界卫生组织批准的室内残留喷洒杀虫剂之一,建议评估其残留活性,以确定在不同的生态流行病学环境中适当的喷洒周期。在当前的研究中,在印度奥里萨邦科拉普特地区的恶性疟原虫高流行区,对溴氰菊酯62.5 SC-PE的抗疟疾载体及其对疟疾发病率的影响进行了评估。
方法:该试验有两个可比的手臂,手臂1残留喷洒了溴氰菊酯62.5 SC-PE,手臂2喷洒了溴氰菊酯2.5%WP(阳性对照)。比较评估每个干预措施对昆虫学(密度,均等,感染和人类血液指数),流行病学(疟疾发病率)参数,残留功效和不良影响的影响。
结果:在昆虫学和流行病学参数方面,两臂具有可比性。而溴氰菊酯62.5 SC-PE被发现在泥浆和木材表面150天有效,在水泥表面157天有效; 2.5%溴氰菊酯仅在泥浆表面上有效105天,在水泥和木材表面上有效113天。
结论:溴氰菊酯62.5 SC-PE的杀灭效果已延长至5个月。因此,一轮带有溴氰菊酯62.5 SC-PE的IRS足以覆盖印度许多地方的两个现有疟疾高峰传播季节(7月至8月和10月至11月)。

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