BACKGROUND:A number of people are reporting an environmental sensitivity to sub-audible windfarm sound (infrasound), characterised by the experience of recurrent non-specific symptoms. A causal link between exposure and symptoms is not indicated by empirical evidence. Research indicates symptoms may be explained by the nocebo response, whereby health concerns and negative expectations, created from social discourse and media reports, trigger symptom reporting. OBJECTIVE:The experimental aim was to test whether providing a nocebo explanation for symptoms, to individuals reporting symptomatic experiences during infrasound exposure, would ameliorate symptoms during further exposure. METHOD:Sixty-six volunteers were randomly assigned to nocebo explanation or biological explanation groups. Participants were concurrently exposed to infrasound and audible windfarm sound, while reporting on current symptoms and mood, during two exposure sessions. Preceding session one, participants watched a presentation integrating media warnings about purported health risks posed by windfarm infrasound. Before session two, nocebo explanation participants viewed material outlining how nocebo responding could explain symptom reporting. Instead biological explanation participants watched material presenting pathophysiological theories for symptoms. RESULTS:During session one, participants reported increased symptoms and mood deterioration from baseline assessment. During session two symptom reporting and mood deterioration was maintained by biological explanation participants, while mood and symptoms reported by nocebo explanation participants returned to baseline levels. CONCLUSION:Results indicate that providing an explanation of the nocebo response, followed by exposure to infrasound, has the potential to operate as an intervention to reduce symptomatic experiences in people reporting symptoms attributed to windfarm generated infrasound.

译文

背景:许多人报告对可闻风电场声音(次声)具有环境敏感性,其特征是反复出现非特异性症状。经验证据并未表明暴露与症状之间的因果关系。研究表明,症状可能是由nocebo反应引起的,据此,社交讨论和媒体报道引起的健康担忧和负面期望触发了症状报告。
目的:实验目的是测试向次声暴露过程中有症状经历的人提供症状的nocebo解释是否会缓解进一步暴露过程中的症状。
方法:将66名志愿者随机分为nocebo解释组或生物学解释组。在两次暴露会议中,参与者在报告当前症状和情绪的同时,暴露于次声和可听到的风电场声音中。在第一节之前,参与者观看了一个演示,该演示结合了有关风电场次声带来的所谓健康风险的媒体警告。在第二部分之前,nocebo解释参与者查看了概述nocebo响应如何解释症状报告的材料。取而代之的是,生物学解释参与者观看了呈现病理生理学原理的症状材料。
结果:在第一节课中,参与者报告了基线评估后症状和情绪恶化的情况增加。在会议期间,生物学解释参与者保持了两种症状报告和情绪恶化,而nocebo解释参与者报告的情绪和症状恢复了基线水平。
结论:结果表明,对nocebo反应进行解释,然后再暴露于次声中,有可能作为一种干预措施来减少报告因风电场产生的次声所致症状的人的症状体验。

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