Medical outcomes are strongly affected by placebo and nocebo effects. Prediction of who responds to such expectation effects has proven to be challenging. Most recent approaches to prediction have focused on placebo effects in the context of previous treatment experiences and expectancies, or personality traits. However, a recent model has suggested that basic somatosensory characteristics play an important role in expectation responses. Consequently, this study investigated not only the role of psychological variables, but also of basic somatosensory characteristics. In this study, 624 participants underwent a placebo and nocebo heat pain paradigm. Additionally, individual psychological and somatosensory characteristics were assessed. While no associations were identified for placebo responses, nocebo responses were associated with personality traits (e.g. neuroticism) and somatosensory characteristics (e.g. thermal pain threshold). Importantly, the associations between somatosensory characteristics and nocebo responses were among the strongest. This study shows that apart from personality traits, basic somatosensory characteristics play an important role in individual nocebo responses, in agreement with the novel idea that nocebo responses result from the integration of top-down expectation and bottom-up sensory information.

译文

:安慰剂和Nocebo的作用会严重影响医疗结局。预测谁对这种期望效应做出响应已被证明具有挑战性。最新的预测方法已将安慰剂的作用集中在先前的治疗经验和预期或人格特质的背景下。但是,最近的模型表明,基本的体感特征在预期反应中起着重要的作用。因此,本研究不仅研究了心理变量的作用,还研究了基本的体感特征。在这项研究中,624名参与者接受了安慰剂和Nocebo热痛范例。另外,评估了个体的心理和体感特征。虽然没有发现安慰剂反应的相关性,但nocebo反应与人格特质(例如神经质)和体感特征(例如热痛阈值)相关。重要的是,体感特征与Nocebo反应之间的关联最强。这项研究表明,除了人格特征外,基本的体感特征在个体nocebo反应中也起着重要作用,这与nocebo反应是由上而下的期望和自下而上的感官信息的整合所产生的新思想相一致。

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