The relation of HIV-1 infection to infant growth and neurodevelopment was studied prospectively in a cohort of 65 infants born to women at risk for HIV infection. No differences were observed at birth between infected infants (INF) and uninfected infants (SR) of HIV-infected women, and infants of uninfected women (SN) with similar socioeconomic background and exposure to drugs. However, postnatal linear growth and cognitive-motor development of INF infants were impaired when compared to SR and SN infants. Declines in linear growth were observed within the first 6 months of life, whereas delays in neurodevelopment were first appreciated at 12 months. In INF infants, decreased linear growth was positively correlated with developmental delay. Moreover, growth and development were both correlated with HIV viral load. INF infants with high plasma HIV RNA copies (> 5 x 10(5)/ ml) at 6 months of life were more likely to exhibit severe growth and developmental delay than infants with a lower viral burden. The implications of these findings with respect to the mechanism of action of HIV-related growth and neurodevelopmental impairments are discussed.

译文

前瞻性研究了65名有感染HIV风险的妇女所生婴儿的队列,研究了HIV-1感染与婴儿生长和神经发育的关系。 HIV感染妇女的感染婴儿(INF)和未感染婴儿(SR)以及具有相似社会经济背景和接触药物的未感染女性(SN)婴儿在出生时未观察到差异。但是,与SR和SN婴儿相比,INF婴儿的产后线性生长和认知运动发育受到损害。在生命的头6个月内观察到线性增长的下降,而在12个月内首次发现了神经发育的延迟。在INF婴儿中,线性增长下降与发育延迟呈正相关。此外,生长和发育都与HIV病毒载量有关。与病毒载量较低的婴儿相比,在六个月的生命中具有较高血浆HIV RNA拷贝(> 5 x 10(5)/ ml)的INF婴儿更可能出现严重的生长和发育延迟。讨论了这些发现对与HIV相关的生长和神经发育受损的作用机制的意义。

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