Precision spectroscopy of atomic systems1 is an invaluable tool for the study of fundamental interactions and symmetries2. Recently, highly charged ions have been proposed to enable sensitive tests of physics beyond the standard model2-5 and the realization of high-accuracy atomic clocks3,5, owing to their high sensitivity to fundamental physics and insensitivity to external perturbations, which result from the high binding energies of their outer electrons. However, the implementation of these ideas has been hindered by the low spectroscopic accuracies (of the order of parts per million) achieved so far6-8. Here we cool trapped, highly charged argon ions to the lowest temperature reported so far, and study them using coherent laser spectroscopy, achieving an increase in precision of eight orders of magnitude. We use quantum logic spectroscopy9,10 to probe the forbidden optical transition in 40Ar13+ at a wavelength of 441 nanometres and measure its excited-state lifetime and g-factor. Our work unlocks the potential of highly charged ions as ubiquitous atomic systems for use in quantum information processing, as frequency standards and in highly sensitive tests of fundamental physics, such as searches for dark-matter candidates11 or violations of fundamental symmetries2.

译文

:原子系统的精密光谱学1是研究基本相互作用和对称性2的宝贵工具。最近,由于高电离的离子对基本物理的高敏感性和对外部扰动的不敏感性,已提出了高电荷的离子以实现超出标准模型2-5的物理敏感性测试和实现高精度原子钟3,5。它们的外电子具有很高的结合能。但是,到目前为止,这些思想的实现受到了低光谱精度(百万分之几)的阻碍[6-8]。在这里,我们将捕获的高电荷氩离子冷却到迄今为止报告的最低温度,并使用相干激光光谱法对其进行研究,从而将精度提高了八个数量级。我们使用量子逻辑光谱法9,10来探测40Ar13在441纳米波长处的禁止光学跃迁,并测量其激发态寿命和g因子。我们的工作释放了高电荷离子作为量子信息处理,频率标准和基础物理的高度敏感测试(如搜索暗物质候选物11或违反基本对称性2)中无处不在的原子系统的潜力。

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