This study demonstrates a conceptual linkage between exchange theory and psychoanalytic theory of depression. The effects of diminished resources and the dynamic relationships between depression, quality of the marital relationship, and social participation were investigated with a sample of 229 community residing, married older people (Duke Longitudinal Study) using a combined structural and measurement model with linear structural relations (LISREL) analysis. Findings are that some resources have direct effects on depression, marital quality, and social participation. However, it is through the pathway of depressive moods that ill health, retirement, and stress have their negative effects on the marital relationship. Depressive moods do affect social participation, but psychosomatic symptoms of depression do not affect the amount of social participation nor the marital relationship. Recognizing depressive moods as intervening variables is important because older people tend to deny feeling depressed. Without a conceptual linkage of exchange and depression theories, this pathway would not have been identified.

译文

:这项研究证明了交换理论与抑郁心理分析理论之间的概念联系。利用线性结构关系的组合结构和测量模型,对229个居住在社区的已婚老年人进行了调查,调查了资源减少以及抑郁,婚姻关系质量和社会参与之间的动态关系的影响(杜克纵向研究) (LISREL)分析。研究发现,某些资源对抑郁症,婚姻质量和社会参与有直接影响。但是,不良的健康,退休和压力是通过情绪低落的途径对婚姻关系造成的负面影响。抑郁情绪确实会影响社会参与,但是抑郁的心身症状并不影响社会参与的数量或婚姻关系。将抑郁情绪识别为干预变量很重要,因为老年人倾向于否认感到沮丧。没有交换理论和抑郁理论的概念联系,就不会确定这种途径。

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