The dual oxidases (DUOXes) 1 and 2 are named based on their having both a domain homologous to the NADPH-oxidase of the phagocyte NADPH-oxidase gp91( phox )/NOX2 and a domain homologous to thyroid peroxidase. The DUOX1 and DUOX2 mRNAs were originally cloned from thyroid tissue, and the corresponding proteins were recognized as intricate components of the thyroid hormone synthesis process, providing hydrogen peroxide essential for the organification of iodide. The function of DUOX2 in thyroid hormonogenesis has been firmly established by linking the congenital hypothyroid phenotype "total iodide organification defect" to biallelic inactivating DUOX2 mutations. Based on the expression of both DUOXes in combination with a peroxidase in a range of different tissues and functional studies; the concept evolves that DUOX is important not only for thyroid hormonogenesis but also as an integral part of the host defense system of mucosal surfaces, participates in the control of epithelial infection, augments surface B-cell receptor signaling in lymphocytes, and is involved in generating a respiratory burst at fertilization.

译文

:双氧化酶(DUOXes)1和2的命名都基于与吞噬细胞NADPH氧化酶gp91(phox)/ NOX2的NADPH氧化酶同源的域和与甲状腺过氧化物酶同源的域。 DUOX1和DUOX2 mRNA最初是从甲状腺组织中克隆的,相应的蛋白质被认为是甲状腺激素合成过程的复杂组成部分,提供了碘化物组织必不可少的过氧化氢。通过将先天性甲状腺功能减退症表型“总碘化物组织缺陷”与双等位基因失活的DUOX2突变联系起来,已经牢固地确立了DUOX2在甲状腺激素生成中的功能。基于两种DUOX结合过氧化物酶在多种不同组织和功能研究中的表达;这个概念演变为:DUOX不仅对于甲状腺激素生成很重要,而且作为粘膜表面宿主防御系统的组成部分,参与上皮感染的控制,增强淋巴细胞中的表面B细胞受体信号传导,并参与生成受精时呼吸爆发。

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