AIM:To research possible associations between previous exposure to specific torture techniques and prevalent pain in the head and face, back, and feet. METHODS:221 refugees, 193 males and 28 females, previously exposed to torture in their home country, were subject to a clinical interview at a rehabilitation clinic for torture victims. The interview focused on exposure to torture and somatic symptoms prevalent at examination. RESULTS:The mean number of times imprisoned was 2.3; the mean number of months imprisoned was 19.7; the mean duration from initial imprisonment to final release was 3.7 years; and the mean duration from final release to preliminary interview was 8.4 years. The most frequent physical torture method reported was beating (92.3%) and the main mental torture method was deprivation (84.6%). Pain in the head and face was found to be strongly associated with torture against head and face (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.49-10.20) and with the cumulative number of physical torture methods exposed to. Pain in the back was associated with sexual torture (OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.07-7.12). Besides beating of the lower extremities (OR 5.98, 95% CI 2.47-14.48), the strongest predictor for pain in the feet was general abuse of the whole body (OR 5.64, 95% CI 1.93-16.45). CONCLUSION:In spite of many factors being potentially co-responsible for prevalent pain, years after the torture took place it presents itself as strongly associated with specific loci of pain, with generalized effects, and with somatizing.

译文

目的:研究先前暴露于特定的酷刑技术与头部和面部,背部和脚部普遍疼痛之间的可能联系。
方法:221名难民,193名男性和28名女性先前在其本国遭受酷刑,在康复诊所接受酷刑受害者的临床采访。访谈的重点是检查时所遭受的酷刑和躯体症状的暴露。
结果:平均入狱次数为2.3次;平均入狱数为19.7个月;从最初入狱到最终释放的平均时间为3.7年;从最终发布到初步面试的平均时间为8.4年。报告的最经常的酷刑方法是殴打(92.3%),主要的心理酷刑方法是剥夺(84.6%)。发现头部和面部疼痛与对头部和面部的酷刑密切相关(OR 3.89,95%CI 1.49-10.20)以及所遭受的物理酷刑方法的累积数量。背部疼痛与性折磨有关(OR 2.75,95%CI 1.07-7.12)。除了下肢跳动(OR 5.98,95%CI 2.47-14.48)之外,脚部疼痛的最强预测指标是全身的普遍滥用(OR 5.64,95%CI 1.93-16.45)。
结论:尽管有许多因素可能共同导致普遍的疼痛,但在发生酷刑之后数年,它仍表现为与特定的疼痛位点密切相关,具有广泛的影响和躯体化。

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