The usefulness of PET/MRI in head and neck malignancy has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and confidence of PET/MRI in comparison with PET or MRI alone. This study included 73 consecutive patients who underwent [18F] FDG PET/MRI in head and neck under the suspicion of malignancy. A neuroradiologist and a nuclear medicine specialist reviewed MRI and PET images, respectively and independently, followed by a consensus review of PET/MRI one month later. For 134 lesions, accuracy and confidence were compared among PET, MRI, and PET/MRI. For lesion base, PET/MRI had a sensitivity of 85.7%, a specificity of 89.1%, a PPV of 89.6%, a negative predictive value of 85.1%, and an accuracy of 87.3%. AUCs of PET/MRI per lesion (0.926) and per patient (0.934) for diagnosing malignancy were higher than PET (0.847 and 0.747, respectively) or MRI (0.836 and 0.798, respectively) alone (P < 0.05). More than 80% of the cases (111/134) showed diagnostic concordance between PET and MRI. PPV of PET/MRI was higher in malignant concordant cases (93.2%, 55/59) than in discordant cases (62.5%, 5/8) (p = 0.040). Confident scoring rate in malignant concordant cases was higher on PET/MRI (96.6%, 57/59) than on MRI (76.3%, 45/59) (p = 0.003). In conclusion, compared with PET or MRI alone, PET/MRI presents better diagnostic performance in accuracy and confidence for diagnosis of malignancy. PET/MRI is useful in patients with head and neck cancer.

译文

PET/MRI在头颈部恶性肿瘤中的作用尚未完全阐明。我们研究的目的是评估PET/MRI与单独的PET或MRI相比的诊断准确性和置信度。这项研究包括连续73例在怀疑恶性肿瘤的情况下在头颈部接受 [18F] FDG PET/MRI检查的患者。神经放射学家和核医学专家分别独立检查了MRI和PET图像,然后在一个月后对PET/MRI进行了共识检查。对于134病变,比较了PET,MRI和PET/MRI之间的准确性和置信度。对于病变基础,PET/MRI具有85.7% 的敏感性,89.1% 的特异性,89.6% 的PPV,85.1% 的阴性预测值和87.3% 的准确性。每个病变 (0.926) 和每个患者 (0.934) 诊断恶性肿瘤的PET/MRI auc高于单独的PET (分别为0.847和0.747) 或MRI (分别为0.836和0.798) (p  <  0.05)。超过80% 的病例 (111/134) 显示PET和MRI之间的诊断一致性。恶性一致病例 (93.2% 、55/59) 的PET/MRI PPV高于不一致病例 (62.5% 、5/8) (p   =   0.040)。PET/MRI (96.6%,57/59) 对恶性肿瘤的自信评分率高于MRI (76.3%,45/59) (p   =   0.003)。总之,与单独的PET或MRI相比,PET/MRI在诊断恶性肿瘤的准确性和置信度方面具有更好的诊断性能。PET/MRI对头颈癌患者有用。

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