Nut consumption is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of adding peanuts (whole or peanut butter) on first (0-240 min)- and second (240-490 min)-meal glucose metabolism and selected gut satiety hormone responses, appetite ratings and food intake in obese women with high T2DM risk. A group of fifteen women participated in a randomised cross-over clinical trial in which 42·5 g of whole peanuts without skins (WP), peanut butter (PB) or no peanuts (control) were added to a 75 g available carbohydrate-matched breakfast meal. Postprandial concentrations (0-490 min) of glucose, insulin, NEFA, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), cholecystokinin (CCK), appetitive sensations and food intake were assessed after breakfast treatments and a standard lunch. Postprandial NEFA incremental AUC (IAUC) (0-240 min) and glucose IAUC (240-490 min) responses were lower for the PB breakfast compared with the control breakfast. Insulin concentrations were higher at 120 and 370 min after the PB consumption than after the control consumption. Desire-to-eat ratings were lower, while PYY, GLP-1 and CCK concentrations were higher after the PB intake compared with the control intake. WP led to similar but non-significant effects. The addition of PB to breakfast moderated postprandial glucose and NEFA concentrations, enhanced gut satiety hormone secretion and reduced the desire to eat. The greater bioaccessibility of the lipid component in PB is probably responsible for the observed incremental post-ingestive responses between the nut forms. Inclusion of PB, and probably WP, to breakfast may help to moderate glucose concentrations and appetite in obese women.

译文

食用坚果与降低2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 的风险相关。本研究的目的是评估添加花生 (全或花生酱) 对第一 (0-240分钟) 和第二 (240-490分钟) 膳食葡萄糖代谢和选定的肠道饱腹激素反应的影响,高T2DM风险肥胖女性的食欲等级和食物摄入。一组15名妇女参加了一项随机交叉临床试验,其中将42·5克不含皮 (WP),花生酱 (PB) 或无花生 (对照) 的全花生添加到75克可用的碳水化合物匹配早餐中。在早餐治疗和标准午餐后,评估餐后葡萄糖,胰岛素,NEFA,胰高血糖素样肽-1 (GLP-1),肽YY (PYY),胆囊收缩素 (CCK),食欲感和食物摄入量的浓度 (0-490分钟)。与对照早餐相比,PB早餐的餐后NEFA增量AUC (IAUC) (0-240分钟) 和葡萄糖IAUC (240-490分钟) 响应较低。PB消耗后120和370分钟的胰岛素浓度高于对照消耗后的胰岛素浓度。与对照摄入量相比,摄入PB后的饮食欲望等级较低,而PYY,GLP-1和CCK浓度较高。WP导致了类似但不显著的影响。早餐中添加PB可降低餐后葡萄糖和NEFA的浓度,增强肠道饱腹激素的分泌并降低进食欲望。PB中脂质成分的更大的生物可及性可能是观察到的坚果形式之间摄入后的增量反应的原因。在早餐中加入PB (可能是WP) 可能有助于减轻肥胖女性的葡萄糖浓度和食欲。

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