Stem cell asymmetric division requires tight control of spindle orientation. To study this key process, we have recorded Drosophila larval neural stem cells (NBs) engineered to express fluorescent reporters for microtubules, pericentriolar material (PCM), and centrioles. We have found that early in the cell cycle, the two centrosomes become unequal: one organizes an aster that stays near the apical cortex for most of the cell cycle, while the other loses PCM and microtubule-organizing activity, and moves extensively throughout the cell until shortly before mitosis when, located near the basal cortex, it recruits PCM and organizes the second mitotic aster. Upon division, the apical centrosome remains in the stem cell, while the other goes into the differentiating daughter. Apical aster maintenance requires the function of Pins. These results reveal that spindle orientation in Drosophila larval NBs is determined very early in the cell cycle, and is mediated by asymmetric centrosome function.

译文

干细胞不对称分裂需要严格控制纺锤体定向。为了研究这一关键过程,我们记录了果蝇幼虫神经干细胞 (NBs),该细胞被设计为表达微管,三环细胞材料 (PCM) 和中心粒的荧光报告基因。我们发现,在细胞周期的早期,两个中心体变得不平等: 一个组织了一个在细胞周期的大部分时间都停留在顶端皮层附近的aster,而另一个则失去了PCM和微管组织活性,并在整个细胞中广泛移动直到有丝分裂之前不久,位于基底皮质附近,它招募PCM并组织第二个有丝分裂的aster。分裂后,顶端中心体保留在干细胞中,而另一个进入分化的女儿中。顶端的aster维护需要引脚的功能。这些结果表明,果蝇幼虫NBs中的纺锤体取向是在细胞周期的早期就确定的,并且是由不对称中心体功能介导的。

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