Outrage factors are perceived characteristics of risk that provoke emotional responses and influence risk perception by individuals. We investigated outrage factors that are associated with risk perception regarding fine dust. A nationwide online survey (N = 1,000) measured the magnitude of 14 perceived outrage factors and media use in a South Korean population. As a result, the hypothetical three outrage factors of personal stake, dread, and moral nature were found to be influential. The risk perception increased when people perceived that the environmental hazard has personal implications or is associated with fearful images and irresponsible government/corporate actions. The risk perception was also heightened when fine dust was thought to cause large-scale damage to many people simultaneously. Those using news media frequently showed higher risk perception than those using it less frequently. However, heavy media users were affected to a lesser degree by the outrage effects voluntariness and effects on children. The implications of the direct and indirect outrage effect are discussed in light of risk perception studies.

译文

愤怒因素是引起个人情绪反应并影响风险感知的风险感知特征。我们调查了与细尘的风险感知相关的愤怒因素。一项全国性的在线调查 (N = 1,000) 测量了韩国人口中14种感知到的愤怒因素和媒体使用的程度。结果,假设的个人利益,恐惧和道德本质这三个愤怒因素被发现具有影响力。当人们意识到环境危害具有个人影响或与可怕的图像和不负责任的政府/公司行为有关时,风险意识会增加。当细尘被认为会同时对许多人造成大规模损害时,风险意识也得到了提高。与使用新闻媒体的人相比,使用新闻媒体的人经常表现出更高的风险感知。但是,大量媒体用户受到的愤怒影响较小,对自愿性和对儿童的影响较小。根据风险感知研究讨论了直接和间接愤怒效应的含义。

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