For nursing, the idea of bearing witness is of utmost importance. Nurses are present with persons who experience changes in their health and quality of life and who live intense and profound moments of struggling, questioning, and finding meaning. Nurses are also with persons from moment to moment as their lives unfold, and when joy, serenity, contentment, vulnerability, sadness, fear, and suffering are experienced. In this paper, it is proposed that bearing witness is a moral way of engaging in the nurse-person relationship. Based on Levinas's ethics of the face, it is claimed that bearing witness is enacting one's moral responsibility, which arises from the encounter with the other. Drawing on Parse's human becoming theory, ways of witnessing and bearing witness are defined and discussed. It is suggested that bearing witness is a human-to-human way of being-relating, a mode of human coexistence. Bearing witness is being present and attentive to the truth of another's experiences. Moreover, in this paper, the ways nurses enact their moral agency and bear witness to others placed in their care, or turn away, are explored. Nurses' moral agency is located in the constrained moral space of contemporary health care. Hence, the creation of a moral space, which allows nurses to enact their moral responsibility of bearing witness to other persons' experiences of health and quality of life, is called for. In doing so, it is suggested that the act of bearing witness needs a specific nursing knowledge base and a recognition that being present and being with another is a valuable nursing practice that is utterly meaningful for persons who are living through difficult times.

译文

对于护理而言,见证的想法至关重要。护士与经历健康和生活质量变化的人在一起,他们经历了激烈而深刻的挣扎,质疑和寻找意义的时刻。当人们的生活展开时,护士也会不时地与他们在一起,当他们经历快乐、宁静、满足、脆弱、悲伤、恐惧和痛苦时。本文提出,见证是一种从事护人关系的道德方式。根据列维纳斯 (Levinas) 的面孔伦理,据称见证是在履行一个人的道德责任,这是由于与另一个人的相遇而产生的。借鉴Parse的人类成为理论,定义并讨论了见证和见证的方式。建议见证是人与人之间的联系方式,是人类共存的一种方式。见证见证正在出现,并关注他人经历的真相。此外,在本文中,探讨了护士如何制定自己的道德观念,并为被照顾或转身的他人作证。护士的道德代理机构位于当代医疗保健的道德空间中。因此,需要创造一个道德空间,使护士能够履行其道德责任,见证他人的健康和生活质量。在这样做时,建议见证行为需要一个特定的护理知识库,并认识到与他人在一起是一种有价值的护理实践,对于生活在困难时期的人来说是完全有意义的。

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