This research aimed to (a) determine whether mastery and intrateam performance achievement goals predicted prosocial and antisocial teammate behavior, (b) explore whether effects of intrateam performance goals were mediated by moral disengagement, and (c) examine whether any effects (Study 2 only) were moderated by cohesion. In Study 1, team athletes (N = 282) from Australia completed questionnaires assessing the aforementioned variables. Structural equation modeling indicated that prosocial teammate behavior was positively predicted by mastery approach goals, and negatively predicted by mastery- and intrateam performance avoidance goals, whereas antisocial teammate behavior was positively predicted by intrateam performance-approach and -avoidance goals; these latter effects were mediated by moral disengagement. In Study 2, team athletes (N = 452) from the United Kingdom completed a measure of cohesion in addition to the Study 1 instruments; the analyses largely confirmed the Study 1 findings. However, the undesirable effect of mastery-avoidance goals on prosocial behavior seen in Study 1 was only apparent in Study 2 when individuals held strong perceptions of team cohesion. In sum, this investigation makes a novel contribution to the literature on team functioning in sport, being the first to explore how athletes' normative goals relative to their teammates might shape effective interaction processes.

译文

这项研究旨在 (a) 确定掌握和内部绩效目标是否能预测亲社会和反社会的队友行为,(b) 探索内部绩效目标的影响是否由道德脱离介导,以及 (c) 检查是否有任何影响 (仅研究2) 由凝聚力调节。在研究1中,来自澳大利亚的团队运动员 (N = 282) 完成了评估上述变量的问卷调查。结构方程模型表明,亲社会队友的行为是由掌握方法目标积极预测的,而由掌握和内部人员绩效回避目标消极预测的,而反社会队友的行为是由内部人员绩效方法和回避目标积极预测的; 后一种影响是由道德脱离介导的。在研究2中,来自英国的团队运动员 (N = 452) 除了研究1工具外,还完成了凝聚力的测量; 分析在很大程度上证实了研究1的发现。然而,只有在研究2中,当个人对团队凝聚力有强烈的感知时,在研究1中观察到的掌握回避目标对亲社会行为的不良影响才明显。总而言之,这项调查为有关运动团队功能的文献做出了新的贡献,是第一个探索运动员相对于队友的规范性目标如何塑造有效互动过程的文献。

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