Delayed vomiting is a potentially significant adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat childhood cancer, but little is known about the experience of delayed vomiting in children and adolescents. An exploratory study was conducted to determine the pattern of delayed vomiting in children and adolescents with cancer after highly emetic chemotherapy and to identify possible risk factors. In a sample of 82 children and adolescents who completed 117 cycles of highly emetic chemotherapy, the overall prevalence of delayed vomiting was 32%. The frequency of delayed vomiting was highest on delayed day 2, with 21% of participants experiencing vomiting. By delayed day 7, only 9% of participants still reported vomiting. The severity of vomiting was moderate to severe in 11% to 12% of subjects. Age and gender had no significant effect on delayed vomiting. The emetic potential of the agent, incomplete protection from acute vomiting, and treatment regimens that lasted 6 or more days significantly affected delayed vomiting. In addition, a history of motion sickness, lack of acute control, and 6 or more days of chemotherapy were predictive of delayed vomiting.

译文

延迟呕吐是用于治疗儿童癌症的化学疗法的潜在重大不良反应,但对儿童和青少年延迟呕吐的经验知之甚少。进行了一项探索性研究,以确定高度催吐化疗后儿童和青少年癌症患者延迟呕吐的模式,并确定可能的危险因素。在完成117周期高催吐化疗的82名儿童和青少年样本中,延迟呕吐的总体患病率为32%。延迟呕吐的频率在延迟第2天最高,有21% 的参与者出现呕吐。延迟第7天,只有9% 的参与者仍报告呕吐。11% 至12% 的受试者呕吐的严重程度为中度至重度。年龄和性别对延迟呕吐无明显影响。药物的催吐潜力,对急性呕吐的不完全保护以及持续6天或更长时间的治疗方案显着影响了延迟呕吐。此外,有晕车史,缺乏急性控制以及6天或更长时间的化疗可预测呕吐延迟。

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