The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is neuroinvasive and can be neurovirulent. Indeed, 20-30% of individuals with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) develop cognitive and motor dysfunction (termed the AIDS dementia complex or HIV dementia) coincident with advanced immunosuppression. Despite massive research efforts to discern viral neuropathogenic mechanisms, much remains incompletely understood. Recently, we and others developed animal model systems to elucidate how HIV infection within the brain can lead to impairment of central nervous system function. In this report, we evaluate each of the published animal models for their ability to mirror HIV dementia. Ease of handling and expense were also under consideration. Ultimately, studies in animal systems should permit a better understanding of the nature of HIV-1-induced neurological injury and aid in the development of effective treatments for this dreaded complication of HIV infection.

译文

人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 具有神经侵袭性,可能具有神经毒性。事实上,20-30% 的获得性免疫缺陷综合征 (AIDS) 个体出现认知和运动功能障碍 (称为AIDS痴呆复合体或HIV痴呆) 与晚期免疫抑制同时发生。尽管进行了大量研究以识别病毒的神经致病机制,但仍有许多不完全了解的地方。最近,我们和其他人开发了动物模型系统,以阐明大脑中的HIV感染如何导致中枢神经系统功能受损。在本报告中,我们评估了每个已发表的动物模型对HIV痴呆的反映能力。易于处理和费用也在考虑之中。最终,对动物系统的研究应该可以更好地了解HIV-1-induced神经损伤的性质,并有助于为这种可怕的HIV感染并发症开发有效的治疗方法。

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