Balanced minimum evolution is a distance-based criterion for the reconstruction of phylogenetic trees. Several algorithms exist to find the optimal tree with respect to this criterion. One approach is to minimize a certain linear functional over an appropriate polytope. Here we present polytopes that allow a similar linear programming approach to finding phylogenetic networks. We investigate a two-parameter family of polytopes that arise from phylogenetic networks, and which specialize to the Balanced Minimum Evolution polytopes as well as the Symmetric Travelling Salesman polytopes. We show that the vertices correspond to certain level-1 phylogenetic networks, and that there are facets or faces for every split. We also describe lower bound faces and a family of faces for every dimension.

译文

平衡最小进化是系统发育树重建的基于距离的标准。存在几种算法来找到与此标准相关的最佳树。一种方法是在适当的多胞形上最小化某个线性函数。在这里,我们介绍了允许类似的线性编程方法来寻找系统发育网络的多面体。我们研究了由系统发育网络产生的两个参数的多面体家族,这些多面体专门针对平衡的最小进化多面体以及对称的旅行推销员多面体。我们证明顶点对应于某些level-1系统发育网络,并且每个分裂都有小面或面。我们还描述了每个维度的下限面和一系列面。

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