Antibiotic resistance has prompted the search for new agents that can inhibit bacterial growth. Moreover, colonization of abiotic surfaces by microorganisms and the formation of biofilms is a major cause of infections associated with medical implants, resulting in prolonged hospitalization periods and patient mortality. In this study we describe a water-based synthesis of yttrium fluoride (YF(3)) nanoparticles (NPs) using sonochemistry. The sonochemical irradiation of an aqueous solution of yttrium (III) acetate tetrahydrate [Y(Ac)(3) · (H(2)O)(4)], containing acidic HF as the fluorine ion source, yielded nanocrystalline needle-shaped YF(3) particles. The obtained NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray elemental analysis. NP crystallinity was confirmed by electron and powder X-ray diffractions. YF(3) NPs showed antibacterial properties against two common bacterial pathogens (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) at a μg/mL range. We were also able to demonstrate that antimicrobial activity was dependent on NP size. In addition, catheters were surface modified with YF(3) NPs using a one-step synthesis and coating process. The coating procedure yielded a homogeneous YF(3) NP layer on the catheter, as analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. These YF(3) NP-modified catheters were investigated for their ability to restrict bacterial biofilm formation. The YF(3) NP-coated catheters were able to significantly reduce bacterial colonization compared to the uncoated surface. Taken together, our results highlight the potential to further develop the concept of utilizing these metal fluoride NPs as novel antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents, taking advantage of their low solubility and providing extended protection.

译文

抗生素耐药性促使人们寻找可以抑制细菌生长的新药物。此外,微生物对非生物表面的定植和生物膜的形成是与医疗植入物相关的感染的主要原因,导致住院时间延长和患者死亡。在这项研究中,我们描述了使用声化学的水基合成氟化钇 (YF(3)) 纳米颗粒 (NPs)。以酸性HF为氟离子源的乙酸钇 (III) 四水合水溶液 [Y(Ac)(3) · (H(2)O)(4)] 的声化学辐照产生了纳米晶针状YF(3) 颗粒。通过扫描电子显微镜和x射线元素分析对获得的NPs进行表征。NP结晶度通过电子和粉末x射线衍射证实。YF(3) NPs在 μ g/mL范围内显示出对两种常见细菌病原体 (大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌) 的抗菌性能。我们还能够证明抗菌活性取决于NP大小。此外,使用一步合成和涂层工艺,用YF(3) np对导管进行表面改性。通过扫描电子显微镜和能量色散光谱法分析,涂层程序在导管上产生了均匀的YF(3) NP层。研究了这些YF(3) NP修饰的导管限制细菌生物膜形成的能力。与未涂层表面相比,YF(3) NP涂层导管能够显着减少细菌定植。合在一起,我们的结果突出了进一步发展利用这些金属氟化物np作为新型抗菌和抗生物膜剂的概念的潜力,利用它们的低溶解度并提供扩展的保护。

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