Impaired everyday function is a diagnostic criterion for dementia, and a determinant of healthcare utilization and caregiver burden. Although many previous studies have demonstrated a cross-sectional relationship between cognition (particularly executive functions and memory) and everyday function in older adults, very little is known about longitudinal relationships between these domains. This study examined the association between longitudinal change in episodic memory (MEM) and executive functioning (EXEC) and change in everyday function. Participants were a cognitively heterogeneous group of 100 elderly persons including those with normal cognition, as well as those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. They were followed for an average of 5 years. Random effects modeling showed that change in both MEM and EXEC were independently associated with rate of change in informant-rated instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), even after controlling for age, education, and gender. Findings indicate that declines in MEM and EXEC over time make unique and independent contributions to declines in older adults' ability to function in daily life.

译文

日常功能受损是痴呆症的诊断标准,也是医疗保健利用和护理人员负担的决定因素。尽管以前的许多研究表明,老年人的认知 (尤其是执行功能和记忆) 与日常功能之间存在横截面关系,但对这些领域之间的纵向关系知之甚少。这项研究检查了情节记忆 (MEM) 和执行功能 (EXEC) 的纵向变化与日常功能变化之间的关联。参与者是100名老年人的认知异质组,包括正常认知的老年人以及轻度认知障碍和痴呆的老年人。平均随访5年。随机效应模型表明,即使在控制了年龄,教育程度和性别之后,MEM和EXEC的变化也与信息者评估的日常生活工具性活动 (iadl) 的变化率独立相关。研究结果表明,随着时间的流逝,MEM和EXEC的下降对老年人日常生活能力的下降做出了独特而独立的贡献。

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