In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of approved therapies that increase survival of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Current treatment guidelines provide therapeutic management recommendations, but these are primarily based on clinical factors such as performance status or site of metastasis (bone vs. visceral), and not on underlying molecular or cellular features of disease that may predict response. The ability to tailor treatment based on molecular or cellular features of disease could potentially reduce the occurrence of unnecessary side effects and ineffective treatments, and thereby reduce both direct and indirect medical costs. As such, it is important to identify and validate new prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers that can be used to direct cancer treatment. This review will focus on existing and potential biomarkers in the context of castration-resistant prostate cancer management and discuss the need for continued discovery and validation of new biomarkers and biomarker panels for prostate cancer.

译文

近年来,增加去势抵抗性前列腺癌患者生存率的批准疗法数量显着增加。当前的治疗指南提供了治疗管理建议,但这些建议主要基于临床因素,例如表现状态或转移部位 (骨与内脏),而不是基于可能预测反应的疾病的潜在分子或细胞特征。根据疾病的分子或细胞特征定制治疗的能力可能会减少不必要的副作用和无效治疗的发生,从而减少直接和间接的医疗成本。因此,识别和验证可用于指导癌症治疗的新的预后和预测性分子生物标志物非常重要。这篇综述将重点关注去势抵抗性前列腺癌管理背景下的现有和潜在生物标志物,并讨论继续发现和验证前列腺癌新生物标志物和生物标志物的必要性。

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