The exocyst is a eukaryotic tethering complex necessary for the fusion of exocytic vesicles with the plasma membrane. Its function in vivo is tightly regulated by interactions with multiple small GTPases. Exo70, one of the eight subunits of the exocyst, is important for the localization of the exocyst to the plasma membrane. It interacts with TC10 and Rho3 GTPases in mammals and yeast, respectively, and has been shown recently to bind to the actin-polymerization complex Arp2/3. Here, we present the crystal structure of Mus musculus Exo70 at 2.25 A resolution. Exo70 is composed of alpha-helices in a series of right-handed helix-turn-helix motifs organized into a long rod of length 170 A and width 35 A. Although the alpha-helical organization of this molecule is similar to that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Exo70, major structural differences are observed on the surface of the molecule, at the domain boundaries, and in various loop structures. In particular, the C-terminal domain of M. musculus Exo70 adopts a new orientation relative to the N-terminal half not seen in S. cerevisiae Exo70 structures. Given the low level of sequence conservation within Exo70, this structure provides new insights into our understanding of many species-specific functions of the exocyst.

译文

胞外囊是一种真核系留复合物,是胞外囊泡与质膜融合所必需的。其在体内的功能受到与多个小gtp酶相互作用的严格调节。Exo70是胞外囊的八个亚基之一,对于胞外囊在质膜上的定位很重要。它分别与哺乳动物和酵母中的TC10和Rho3 gtp酶相互作用,最近已显示出与肌动蛋白聚合复合物Arp2/3结合。在这里,我们以2.25 A的分辨率介绍小家鼠Exo70的晶体结构。Exo70由一系列右旋螺旋-转弯-螺旋基序中的 α-螺旋组成,这些基序被组织成长170 a、宽35 a的长杆。尽管该分子的 α-螺旋组织与酿酒酵母Exo70中的组织相似,但在分子表面,结构域边界和各种环结构中观察到主要的结构差异。特别是,M. musculus Exo70的C末端结构域相对于N末端的一半采用了新的方向。酿酒酵母Exo70结构。鉴于Exo70内的序列保守性较低,该结构为我们对胞外囊的许多物种特异性功能的理解提供了新的见解。

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