In the present study, we evaluated activated areas of the cerebral cortex with regard to the mirror neuron system during swallowing. To identify the activated areas, we used magnetoencephalography. Subjects were ten consenting volunteers. Swallowing-related stimuli comprised an animated image of the left profile of a person swallowing water with laryngeal elevation as a visual swallowing trigger stimulus and a swallowing sound as an auditory swallowing trigger stimulus. As control stimuli, a still frame image of the left profile without an additional trigger was shown, and an artificial sound as a false auditory trigger was provided. Triggers were presented at 3,000 ms after the start of image presentation. The stimuli were combined and presented and the areas activated were identified for each stimulus. With animation and still-frame stimuli, the visual association area (Brodmann area (BA) 18) was activated at the start of image presentation, while with the swallowing sound and artificial sound stimuli, the auditory areas BA 41 and BA 42 were activated at the time of trigger presentation. However, with animation stimuli (animation stimulus, animation + swallowing sound stimuli, and animation + artificial sound stimuli), activation in BA 6 and BA 40, corresponding to mirror neurons, was observed between 620 and 720 ms before the trigger. Besides, there were also significant differences in latency time and peak intensity between animation stimulus and animation + swallowing sound stimuli. Our results suggest that mirror neurons are activated by swallowing-related visual and auditory stimuli.

译文

在本研究中,我们评估了吞咽过程中有关镜像神经元系统的大脑皮层激活区域。为了识别激活区域,我们使用了脑磁图。受试者是十名同意的志愿者。与吞咽相关的刺激包括吞咽水的人的左轮廓的动画图像,其中喉抬高作为视觉吞咽触发刺激,吞咽声音作为听觉吞咽触发刺激。作为控制刺激,显示了没有附加触发器的左轮廓的静止帧图像,并提供了人造声音作为假听觉触发器。在图像呈现开始后的3,000 ms处呈现触发器。组合并呈现刺激,并针对每种刺激确定激活的区域。在动画和静止帧刺激下,视觉关联区域 (Brodmann区域 (BA) 18) 在图像呈现开始时被激活,而在吞咽声音和人工声音刺激下,听觉区域BA 41和BA 42在触发呈现时被激活。然而,利用动画刺激 (动画刺激、动画 + 吞咽声音刺激和动画 + 人工声音刺激),在触发前620到720毫秒之间观察到对应于镜像神经元的ba6和ba40中的激活。此外,动画刺激和动画吞咽声音刺激之间的潜伏期和峰值强度也存在显着差异。我们的结果表明,镜像神经元是通过吞咽相关的视觉和听觉刺激激活的。

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