Fatty acids as components of cuticular lipids of insects play a significant role in antifungal in protection against fungal infection. The chemical composition of cuticular and internal extracts obtained from all developmental stages of flesh flies Sarcophaga carnaria was identified. The fatty acids were detected using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and the most abundant for all examined stages were: 18:1 > 16:0 > 16:1 > 18:0 > 18:2. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) C20 were found in both, cuticular and internal extracts. GC-MS analysis showed higher relative content of PUFA in adults than in preimaginal stages. Fatty acids alone as well as their cuticular and internal extracts obtained from larvae, pupae male and female of S. carnaria were tested according to their potential antimicrobial activity against entomopathogenic fungi: Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Lecanicillium lecanii, Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana (Tve-N39) and B. bassiana (Dv-1/07). FA presented diverse antimicrobial activity depending on the length of the chain and the presence of unsaturated bonds. Short chain and unsaturated FA (6:0, 11:0, 13:0) have shown significantly stronger activity against fungi but they were detected in lower concentrations. PUFA inhibit fungal growth more effectively than unsaturated long chain fatty acids. Cuticular and internal extracts of all living forms of S. carnaria exhibited approximately equal activity against tested entomopathogenic fungi. We presumed that the most abundant saturated long chain FA and additionally PUFA founded in our analysis are involved in protecting the flies against fungal infection.

译文

脂肪酸作为昆虫表皮脂质的成分在抗真菌保护中发挥重要作用,以防止真菌感染。鉴定了从果蝇Sarcophaga carnaria的所有发育阶段获得的表皮和内部提取物的化学组成。使用气相色谱和质谱法检测脂肪酸,所有检查阶段中最丰富的是: 18:1 > 16:0 > 16:1 > 18:0> 18:2。在表皮和内部提取物中均发现了多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) C20。Gc-ms分析显示,成人PUFA的相对含量高于成像前阶段。根据其对昆虫病原真菌的潜在抗菌活性,测试了单独的脂肪酸以及从carnaria幼虫,p的雄性和雌性获得的表皮和内部提取物: 淡紫拟青霉,富莫拟青霉,Lecanicillium letanii,Metarhizium anisopliae,白僵菌 (Tve-N39) 和B. bassiana (Dv-1/07)。FA具有不同的抗菌活性,具体取决于链的长度和不饱和键的存在。短链和不饱和FA (6:0,11:0,13:0) 对真菌的活性明显增强,但在较低的浓度下检测到。PUFA比不饱和长链脂肪酸更有效地抑制真菌生长。所有活形式的carnaria S. carnaria的表皮和内部提取物对测试的昆虫病原真菌表现出大致相同的活性。我们推测,在我们的分析中建立的最丰富的饱和长链FA和另外的PUFA参与保护果蝇免受真菌感染。

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