Breast cancer is the most ubiquitous type of neoplasms among women worldwide. Molecular aberrations associated with breast development and progressions have been extensively investigated in recent years. An AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) initially identified as a cellular energy sensor that plays a crucial role in cellular energy homeostasis. Intensive research over the last decade about the molecular mechanisms of AMPK has demonstrated that AMPK mediated diverse biological functions are achieved through phosphorylation and regulation of multiple downstream signaling molecules in normal tissue. Downregulation of AMPK activity or decreased level involved in the promotion of breast tumorigenesis, and thus activation of AMPK found to oppose tumor progression. In this review, we epitomize the recent advances in exploring the tumor suppressor function of AMPK pathways. Besides, we discuss the developments in the area of AMPK activator and its molecular mechanisms for breast cancer treatment.

译文

乳腺癌是全世界女性中最普遍存在的肿瘤类型。近年来,与乳房发育和进展相关的分子畸变已被广泛研究。AMP激活的激酶 (AMPK) 最初被确定为细胞能量传感器,在细胞能量稳态中起着至关重要的作用。在过去的十年中,对AMPK分子机制的深入研究表明,AMPK介导的多种生物学功能是通过正常组织中多个下游信号分子的磷酸化和调节来实现的。AMPK活性的下调或水平的降低参与了乳腺肿瘤的发生,因此AMPK的激活被发现反对肿瘤的进展。在这篇综述中,我们概括了探索AMPK途径的肿瘤抑制功能的最新进展。此外,我们还讨论了AMPK激活剂的研究进展及其在乳腺癌治疗中的分子机制。

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