The investigation of inertial cavitation in micro-tunnels has significant implications for the development of therapeutic applications of ultrasound such as ultrasound-mediated drug and gene delivery. The threshold for inertial cavitation was investigated using a passive cavitation detector with a center frequency of 1 MHz. Micro-tunnels of various diameters (90 to 800 microm) embedded in gel were fabricated and injected with a solution of Optison(trade mark) contrast agent of concentrations 1.2% and 0.2% diluted in water. An ultrasound pulse of duration 500 ms and center frequency 1.736 MHz was used to insonate the microbubbles. The acoustic pressure was increased at 1-s intervals until broadband noise emission was detected. The pressure threshold at which broadband noise emission was observed was found to be dependent on the diameter of the micro-tunnels, with an average increase of 1.2 to 1.5 between the smallest and the largest tunnels, depending on the microbubble concentration. The evaluation of inertial cavitation in gel tunnels rather than tubes provides a novel opportunity to investigate microbubble collapse in a situation that simulates in vivo blood vessels better than tubes with solid walls do.

译文

:微隧道中惯性空化的研究对于超声治疗应用的发展具有重要意义,例如超声介导的药物和基因传递。使用中心频率为1 MHz的无源空化检测器研究了惯性空化的阈值。制造嵌入在凝胶中的各种直径的微隧道(90至800微米),并注入浓度为1.2%和0.2%的水中稀释的Optison(商标)造影剂溶液。持续时间为500毫秒,中心频率为1.736 MHz的超声脉冲用于使微泡产生声波。声压每隔1秒增加一次,直到检测到宽带噪声发射为止。发现观察到宽带噪声发射的压力阈值取决于微隧道的直径,最小隧道和最大隧道之间的平均增加幅度为1.2到1.5,具体取决于微气泡的浓度。凝胶隧道而不是管中的惯性空化的评估提供了一个新的机会,可以在模拟体内血管的情况下比具有坚固壁的管更好地研究微泡塌陷。

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