Glucosamine- and N-acetyl glucosamine-containing polymers are being used in an increasing number of biomedical applications, including in products for surface (topical) hemostasis. The studies presented here investigate the relationship between the structure (conformation) and function (activation of hemostasis) of glucosamine-based materials. Several polymer systems were studied, including fibers isolated from a microalgal source containing poly-N-acetyl glucosamine polymers that are organized in a parallel, hydrogen-bonded tertiary structure and can be chemically modified to an antiparallel orientation; and gel formulation derivatives of the microalgal fibers consisting of partially deacetylated (F2 gel) and fully deacetylated (F3 gel) polymers. Comparison of the properties of the poly-N-acetyl glucosamine fiber-derived materials with chitin, chitosan, and commercial chitosan-based products are presented. Several studies were performed with the glucosamine-based materials, including (1) an analysis of the ability of materials to activate platelets and turnover of the intrinsic coagulation cascade, (2) an examination of the viscoelastic properties of mixtures of platelet-rich plasma and the glucosamine-based materials via thromboelastography, and (3) scanning electron microscopic studies to examine the morphology of the glucosamine-based materials. The results presented demonstrate that hemostatic responses to the glucosamine-based materials studied are highly dependent on their chemical nature and tertiary/quaternary structure. The unique natural microalgal fibers were found to have strongly prohemostatic activity compared to the other materials studied.

译文

:含氨基葡萄糖和N-乙酰基氨基葡萄糖的聚合物被用于越来越多的生物医学应用中,包括用于表面(局部)止血的产品中。此处进行的研究研究了基于氨基葡萄糖的材料的结构(构象)与功能(止血激活)之间的关系。研究了几种聚合物体系,包括从微藻源中分离的纤维,该微藻源含有聚-N-乙酰基葡糖胺聚合物,这些聚合物以平行的氢键结合的三级结构组织,并且可以化学修饰成反平行的取向;以及由部分脱乙酰化的(F2凝胶)和完全脱乙酰化的(F3凝胶)聚合物组成的微藻纤维的凝胶制剂衍生物。介绍了聚-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖纤维衍生材料与几丁质,壳聚糖和市售壳聚糖基产品的性能比较。对基于氨基葡萄糖的材料进行了几项研究,包括(1)分析材料激活血小板的能力和固有凝血级联的周转;(2)检查富含血小板的血浆和葡萄糖的混合物的粘弹性质。通过血栓弹力描记法检测基于氨基葡萄糖的材料,以及(3)扫描电子显微镜研究以检查基于氨基葡萄糖的材料的形态。提出的结果表明,对所研究的基于葡糖胺的材料的止血反应高度依赖于其化学性质和三级/四级结构。与其他研究材料相比,发现独特的天然微藻纤维具有很强的止血活性。

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