Acoustic analyses of eight different languages/dialects had revealed a language universal: Three spectral factors consistently appeared in analyses of power fluctuations of spoken sentences divided by critical-band filters into narrow frequency bands. Examining linguistic implications of these factors seems important to understand how speech sounds carry linguistic information. Here we show the three general categories of the English phonemes, i.e., vowels, sonorant consonants, and obstruents, to be discriminable in the Cartesian space constructed by these factors: A factor related to frequency components above 3,300 Hz was associated only with obstruents (e.g., /k/ or /z/), and another factor related to frequency components around 1,100 Hz only with vowels (e.g., /a/ or /i/) and sonorant consonants (e.g., /w/, /r/, or /m/). The latter factor highly correlated with the hypothetical concept of sonority or aperture in phonology. These factors turned out to connect the linguistic and acoustic aspects of speech sounds systematically.

译文

:对八种不同语言/方言的声学分析显示出一种通用的语言:在口语的功率波动分析中,始终存在三个频谱因素,这些问题被临界带滤波器划分为狭窄的频带。检查这些因素的语言含义对于理解语音如何携带语言信息似乎很重要。在这里,我们显示了由这些因素构成的笛卡尔空间中可辨别的英语音素的三个一般类别,即元音,回音辅音和假言:与3,300 Hz以上的频率分量相关的因素仅与假言有关(例如,/ k /或/ z /),以及与仅在元音(例如/ a /或/ i /)和子音辅音(例如/ w /,/ r /或/ m /)。后一因素与语音学中声音或孔径的假设概念高度相关。这些因素证明可以系统地连接语音的语言和声学方面。

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