The main objective of this research was to estimate the total mass of nitrogen discharged from various sources in Korea using the mass balance approach. Three different nitrogen mass balances were presented: (1) agricultural activities including raising crops and animal husbandry; (2) domestic activities, and (3) activities in forest and urban areas. These nitrogen balances were combined to estimate riverine discharge of nitrogen to the ocean in national scale. Nitrogen inputs include atmospheric deposition, biological nitrogen fixation, application of inorganic fertilizers/manures, animal feed/imported foodstuffs, and meat/fish. Nitrogen outputs include ammonia volatilization, denitrification, human/animal waste generation, crop/meat production, and riverine discharge to the ocean. The estimated total nitrogen input in Korea was 1,194.5 x 10(3) tons N/year. Nitrogen discharged into rivers was estimated as 408-422 x 10(3) tons N/year, of which 66-71% was diffuse in origin. The estimated diffuse discharges for land uses were estimated as 82 x 10(3) tons N/year from agricultural areas, 7 x 10(3) tons N/year from forestry and 75 x 10(3) tons N/year from urban and industrial areas.

译文

:这项研究的主要目的是使用质量平衡法估算韩国各种来源排放的氮气总量。提出了三种不同的氮素质量平衡:(1)农业活动,包括种植农作物和畜牧业; (2)家庭活动,以及(3)在森林和城市地区的活动。将这些氮平衡相结合,以估算全国范围内河流向海洋的氮排放量。氮输入包括大气沉积,生物固氮,施用无机肥料/肥料,动物饲料/进口食品以及肉/鱼。氮的输出包括氨的挥发,反硝化,人类/动物废物的产生,农作物/肉的生产以及河流向海洋的排放。韩国估计的总氮输入量为1,194.5 x 10(3)吨氮/年。排入河流的氮估计为408-422 x 10(3)吨N /年,其中66-71%的氮源是扩散的。估计用于土地用途的分散排放量是农业地区每年82 x 10(3)吨氮,林业每年7 x 10(3)吨氮,城市和城市每年75 x 10(3)吨氮。工业领域。

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