Some investigations of IUD use have demonstrated impaired ability to become pregnant after removal, while others have not. None of these studies, however, have adequately considered such potentially influencing variables as age and a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). To study the effect of length of IUD use, IUD type and the modifying influences of age and PID history on time required to conceive, we followed women trying to become pregnant after removal of their IUD. Five hundred forty women in Ljubljana, Yugoslavia who were first fitted with an IUD between 1964 and 1972 and had their IUD removed in order to become pregnant were followed through 1980. We found no relationship between the duration of IUD use or type of IUD used, but increasing age and a history of PID each decreased the monthly probability of conception. These findings, along with other recent work, indicate that IUDs are a safe and efficacious contraceptive for women at low risk for sexually transmitted diseases. :Previous investigations of IUD use have demonstrated impaired ability to become pregnant after removal, while other studies have not. None of these studies, however, have adequately considered such potentially influencing variables as age and a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). This investigation uses regression analysis to assess the influence of various factors individually on time to conceive. 540 women in Ljubljana, Yugoslavia, who were 1st fitted with an IUD between 1964 and 1972 and had their IUD removed to become pregnant, were followed through 1980. The COX regression model is used to assess simultaneously the influences of length of IUD use, device type (Lippes Loop), age at removal, parity, previous PID history, and duration of marriage on time to conception, thus controlling for the interrelationships between variables. This technique estimates the probability of conceiving at different times. Results indicate that duration of IUD use did not affect the time to conception. In addition, IUD type, duration of marriage or parity did not affect the time required to conceive. These findings demonstrate that the use of IUDs does not, in and of itself, lead to problems with subsequent fertility. However, these results underscore the importance of limiting IUDs to women who are not at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases.

译文

:一些对宫内节育器使用的调查显示,取出宫内避孕器后怀孕的能力受损,而其他人则没有。然而,这些研究都没有充分考虑诸如年龄和盆腔炎史(PID)之类的潜在影响因素。为了研究宫内节育器使用时间,宫内节育器类型以及年龄和PID史对怀孕时间的影响,我们追踪了那些试图在取出宫内节育器后怀孕的妇女。在南斯拉夫的卢布尔雅那有540名妇女在1964年至1972年之间首次装有宫内节育器,并为了怀孕而拔掉宫内节育器,直到1980年。我们发现宫内节育器的使用时间或宫内节育器的类型之间没有关系,但是年龄的增长和PID的病史都降低了每月受孕的可能性。这些发现以及最近的其他工作表明,宫内节育器对于性传播疾病风险低的妇女是一种安全有效的避孕药具。
:以前的宫内节育器使用研究表明,取出后怀孕的能力受损,而其他研究则没有。然而,这些研究都没有充分考虑诸如年龄和盆腔炎史(PID)之类的潜在影响因素。这项研究使用回归分析来评估各个因素对受孕时间的影响。在1964年至1972年之间,对南斯拉夫卢布尔雅那的540名妇女进行了第一次子宫内节育器的配戴,并在1980年之前将其取出。妇女使用COX回归模型同时评估了宫内节育器使用时间,装置的影响。类型(“ Lippes循环”),移除时的年龄,奇偶校验,以前的PID历史记录以及准时结婚的持续时间,从而控制变量之间的相互关系。该技术估计在不同时间受孕的可能性。结果表明,宫内节育器的使用时间不影响受孕时间。此外,宫内节育器的类型,婚姻的持续时间或同等的年龄并没有影响怀孕的时间。这些发现表明,宫内节育器的使用本身并不会导致随后的生育问题。但是,这些结果强调了将宫内节育器仅限于没有性传播疾病高风险的妇女的重要性。

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