Efforts have been made in the last decade towards the complete characterization of saliva proteome using gel-based and gel-free approaches. The combination of these strategies resulted in the increment of the dynamic range of saliva proteome, which yield in the identification of more than 3,000 different protein species. Comparative protein profiling using isotope labeling and label free approaches has been used for the identification of novel biomarkers for oral and related diseases. Although progresses have been made in saliva proteome characterization, the comparative profiling in different pathophysiological conditions is still at the beginning if compared to other bodily fluids. The potential biomarkers identified so far lack specificity once common differentially expressed proteins were detected in the saliva of patients with distinct diseases. In addition, recent research works focused on saliva peptidome profiling already allowed a better understanding of peptides' physiological role in oral cavity. This review provides an overview of the major achievements in saliva proteomics giving emphasis to methodological concerns related with saliva collection, treatment and analysis, as well as the main advantages and pitfalls underlying salivary proteomic strategies and potential clinical outcomes.

译文

:在过去的十年中,人们已经在努力使用基于凝胶和无凝胶的方法来完全表征唾液蛋白质组。这些策略的组合导致唾液蛋白质组动态范围的增加,从而可以鉴定出3,000多种不同的蛋白质。使用同位素标记和无标记方法的比较蛋白质谱分析已用于鉴定口腔和相关疾病的新型生物标志物。尽管唾液蛋白质组表征已取得进展,但与其他体液相比,在不同病理生理条件下的比较分析仍处于起步阶段。一旦在患有不同疾病的患者的唾液中检测到常见的差异表达蛋白,迄今鉴定出的潜在生物标志物将缺乏特异性。此外,针对唾液肽组图谱的最新研究工作已经使人们对肽在口腔中的生理作用有了更好的了解。这篇综述概述了唾液蛋白质组学的主要成就,重点是与唾液收集,治疗和分析有关的方法论问题,以及唾液蛋白质组学策略和潜在临床结果的主要优势和陷阱。

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