Consonant identification was measured for a stationary and amplitude-modulated noise masker in four listeners with flat cochlear hearing loss, and four age-matched normal-hearing listeners. The masker modulation rate was systematically varied between 2 and 128 Hz. Masking release (MR), that is better identification performance in fluctuating, than in stationary noise, was highest in a masker fluctuating at 8-16 Hz in all normal-hearing listeners. In comparison, MR was only observed in two out of the four impaired listeners. In these listeners, MR was poorer than normal, and peaked at lower rates, that is 2 or 8 Hz. MR corresponded to increased reception of information for voicing, place, and manner between 2 and 64 Hz in all normal-hearing listeners. In impaired listeners, increased reception of information was mainly observed for manner, and mainly reduced for place, but these differences were not significant. For all phonetic features, MR was observed at lower masker fluctuation rates (< or =32 Hz) than in normal-hearing listeners. This study therefore shows that cochlear damage affects MR, both quantitatively and qualitatively.

译文

:在四个平直的人工耳聋听力下降的听众和四个年龄相匹配的正常听力的听众中,对平稳和调幅的噪声掩蔽器的辅音识别进行了测量。掩蔽调制率在2到128 Hz之间系统地变化。在所有正常听力的听众中,以8-16 Hz波动的掩蔽器中,掩蔽释放(MR)的波动性要好于平稳噪声,这在静态噪声中表现得更好。相比之下,只有四个受损听者中有两个观察到了MR。在这些听众中,MR比正常人差,并且以较低的频率(即2或8 Hz)达到峰值。 MR对应于在所有正常听力的收听者中2至64 Hz之间的声音,位置和方式信息接收的增加。在听力受损的听众中,主要是通过方式观察到了信息接收的增加,而对于场所则主要是观察到的减少,但是这些差异并不明显。对于所有的语音特征,与正常听力的听众相比,在较低的掩蔽者波动率(<或= 32 Hz)下观察到了MR。因此,这项研究表明,耳蜗损害在数量和质量上都影响MR。

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