Multiple traits of stress resistance were investigated in the epedaphic springtail Orchesella cincta. Second generation adults from five laboratory populations were compared with respect to resistance to extreme temperatures and desiccation, and traits relevant to climatic adaptation. Populations were collected along a 2000-km latitudinal gradient ranging from Denmark to southern Italy and reared under the same standard laboratory conditions. Traits investigated were resistance to high and low temperature, desiccation resistance, body size and water loss rate (WLR). Results showed genetically based differences in resistance to high and low temperature, desiccation, WLR, water pool and body size between populations. Individuals from the most northern population had the highest desiccation-and cold shock resistance, and the lowest heat shock resistance. Females were significantly more desiccation resistant than males. The results of cold shock resistance showed a positive increase with lowest environmental temperature recorded at the sites of population origin, whereas heat shock resistance showed a positive increase with highest recorded temperature at the sites of population origin. Desiccation resistance increased towards the most southern and northern population, suggesting that both low and high temperature extremes affect desiccation resistance. Body mass, water pool and WLR showed interpopulation as well as sex specific variation. This provides evidence for geographical variation in stress resistance of springtails related to climatic conditions.

译文

:研究了足立跳尾Orchesella cincta的多种抗逆性状。比较了来自五个实验室人群的第二代成年人对极端温度和干燥的抵抗力以及与气候适应有关的性状。从丹麦到意大利南部,沿着2000公里的纬度梯度收集种群,并在相同的标准实验室条件下进行饲养。研究的特征是对高温和低温的抗性,抗干燥性,体型和失水率(WLR)。结果显示,不同人群之间对高温和低温,干燥,WLR,水池和体重的遗传差异。来自最北部人口的个体具有最高的耐干燥性和抗冷震性,以及最低的抗热震性。女性的抗干燥能力明显高于男性。在种群起源点处记录的最低环境温度下,抗冷震性的结果显示为正增加,而在种群起源点处的记录温度最高中,抗热震性的结果显示为正数增加。大部分南部和北部人口的抗旱性增加,这表明低温和高温极端情况都会影响抗旱性。体重,水池和WLR表现出种群数量以及性别差异。这为与气候条件有关的跳尾抗逆性的地理变化提供了证据。

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