Over the last decades, the prevalence of myopia has suddenly increased, and at this rate, half of the world's population will be myopic by the year 2050. Contemporary behavioural and lifestyle circumstances, along with emergent technology, are thought to be responsible for this increase. Twin studies mostly reported a high heritability of refractive error across ethnicities. However, heritability is a population statistic and could vary as a result of changing environmental conditions. We studied the variance of refractive error in millennials with 100 twin pairs of university students in southeast Spain. The study population presented a high prevalence of myopia (77%). Statistical analysis showed the variance of refractive error in this group of young twins was mainly driven by the shared environment and, to a lesser extent, by additive genetic factors. We found an increase in myopia prevalence accompanied by a decrease in heritability in this sample of millennials in contrast with results from a previous generation group from the same ethnic origin.

译文

:在过去的几十年中,近视的患病率突然增加,到2050年,以这个速度,全世界一半的人口将成为近视眼。当代的行为和生活方式以及新兴的技术被认为是造成近视的原因。增加。双胞胎研究大多报告了跨种族屈光不正的遗传性。但是,遗传力是人口统计数据,可能会由于环境条件的变化而有所不同。我们研究了西班牙东南部100对双胞胎大学生在千禧一代中屈光不正的方差。研究人群的近视患病率很高(77%)。统计分析表明,这对年轻双胞胎的屈光不正的变化主要是由共同的环境所驱动,在较小程度上是由累加遗传因素所驱动。我们发现,与来自同一族裔的上一代人的研究结果相比,该千禧一代样本中近视患病率增加,而遗传力却下降。

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