Atomoxetine improves inhibitory control and visual processing in healthy volunteers and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, little is known about the neural correlates of these two functions after chronic treatment with atomoxetine. This study aimed to use the counting Stroop task with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) to investigate the changes related to inhibitory control and visual processing in adults with ADHD. This study is an 8-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial of atomoxetine in 24 drug-naïve adults with ADHD. We investigated the changes of treatment with atomoxetine compared to placebo-treated counterparts using the counting Stroop fMRI and two CANTAB tests: rapid visual information processing (RVP) for inhibitory control and delayed matching to sample (DMS) for visual processing. Atomoxetine decreased activations in the right inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex, which were correlated with the improvement in inhibitory control assessed by the RVP. Also, atomoxetine increased activation in the left precuneus, which was correlated with the improvement in the mean latency of correct responses assessed by the DMS. Moreover, anterior cingulate activation in the pre-treatment was able to predict the improvements of clinical symptoms. Treatment with atomoxetine may improve inhibitory control to suppress interference and may enhance the visual processing to process numbers. In addition, the anterior cingulate cortex might play an important role as a biological marker for the treatment effectiveness of atomoxetine. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4850-4864, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

译文

:Atomoxetine可改善健康志愿者和患有注意力不足/多动症(ADHD)的成年人的抑制性控制和视觉处理。然而,关于用阿托西汀长期治疗后这两种功能的神经相关性知之甚少。这项研究旨在利用功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)和剑桥神经心理测试自动电池(CANTAB)的计数Stroop任务来研究与ADHD成人抑制控制和视觉处理有关的变化。这项研究是一项为期8周,安慰剂对照,双盲,随机的阿托西汀临床试验,用于24名无药物治疗的ADHD成人。我们使用计数Stroop功能磁共振成像和两项CANTAB测试,研究了与阿托西汀治疗相比,安慰剂治疗的变化,两种CANTAB测试:用于抑制控制的快速视觉信息处理(RVP)和用于视觉处理的延迟配比样品(DMS)。 Atomoxetine减少了右下额回和前扣带回皮层的激活,这与RVP评估的抑制控制的改善有关。同样,阿托西汀增加了左前胎的激活,这与DMS评估的正确反应的平均潜伏期的改善有关。此外,在治疗前扣带回激活能够预测临床症状的改善。用阿托西汀治疗可以改善抑制控制以抑制干扰,并可以增强加工过程的视觉效果。此外,前扣带回皮质可能作为阿莫西汀治疗效果的生物学标志物发挥重要作用。嗡嗡声大脑Mapp 38:4850-4864,2017.©2017 Wiley Periodicals,Inc.

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