In studies of rhythmic coordination, where sensory information is often generated by an auditory stimulus, spatial and temporal variability are known to decrease at points in the movement cycle coincident with the stimulus, a phenomenon known as anchoring (Byblow et al. 1994). Here we hypothesize that the role of anchoring may be to globally stabilize coordination under conditions in which it would otherwise undergo a global coordinative change such as a phase transition. To test this hypothesis, anchoring was studied in a bimanual coordination paradigm in which either inphase or antiphase coordination was produced as auditory pacing stimuli (and hence movement frequency) were scaled over a wide range of frequencies. Two different anchoring conditions were used: a single-metronome condition, in which peak amplitude of right finger flexion coincided with the auditory stimulus; and a double-metronome condition, in which each finger reversal (flexion and extension) occurred simultaneously with the auditory stimuli. Anchored reversal points displayed lower spatial variation than unanchored reversal points, resulting in more symmetric phase plane trajectories in the double- than the single-metronome condition. The global coordination dynamics of the double-metronome condition was also more stable, with transitions from antiphase to inphase occurring less often and at higher movement frequencies than in the single-metronome condition. An extension of the Haken-Kelso-Bunz model of bimanual coordination is presented briefly which includes specific coupling of sensory information to movement through a process we call parametric stabilization. The parametric stabilization model provides a theoretical account of both local effects on the individual movement trajectories (anchoring) and global stabilization of observed coordination patterns, including the delay of phase transitions.

译文

在有节奏的协调研究中,感觉信息通常是由听觉刺激产生的,在与刺激同时发生的运动周期中,时空变异性会降低,这种现象称为锚定(Byblow et al。1994)。在这里,我们假设锚定的作用可能是在可能会发生全局协调性变化(例如相变)的条件下,全局稳定协调。为了检验该假设,在双向协调范式中研究了锚定,其中在听觉起搏刺激(以及因此运动频率)在很宽的频率范围内缩放时,产生了同相或反相协调。使用了两种不同的锚定条件:单节拍器条件,其中右手指屈曲的峰值幅度与听觉刺激相吻合;双节拍器状态,其中每个手指的扭转(弯曲和伸展)与听觉刺激同时发生。锚定的反向点显示的空间变化要比未锚定的反向点低,从而在双节拍条件下产生的对称相平面轨迹要比单节拍器条件更对称。双节拍器状态的整体协调动力学也更加稳定,与单节拍器状态相比,从反相到同相的转换频率更低,且移动频率更高。简要介绍了Haken-Kelso-Bunz双手协调模型的扩展,其中包括通过我们称为参数稳定化的过程将感官信息与运动进行特定的耦合。参数稳定模型提供了对单个运动轨迹的局部影响(锚定)和观测到的协调模式的整体稳定的理论解释,包括相变的延迟。

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