OBJECTIVES:To evaluate temperament and character traits using the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI) in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) in comparison with healthy control subjects (HC), and to verify if comorbidity with disruptive behavioral disorders and being currently depressed influence JTCI scores. METHODS:A case-control study comprising 41 MDD children/adolescents matched to 40 HC by gender and age (8-17years). All participants were assessed diagnostically with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia - Present and Lifetime (K-SADS-PL). Temperament and character traits were measured with the parent and child versions of JTCI, and depression was evaluated with the Children's Depression Rating Scale (CDRS). RESULTS:According to child and parent data, MDD subjects had significantly higher scores on harm avoidance and novelty seeking, and lower scores on reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness and cooperativeness compared with HC. According to parent data only, MDD subjects significantly differed from HC on self-transcendence (lower spirituality scores and higher fantasy scores). Comorbidity with disruptive behavioral disorders exerted influence on almost all dimensions, in general increasing the mean differences between MDD and HC subjects. Also, being currently depressed did not influence the results, except for reward dependence according to parent data. LIMITATIONS:The cross-sectional nature of the study and its limited sample size. CONCLUSIONS:MDD children/adolescents have a different temperament and character profile compared to HC subjects. This study supports previous findings of trait-like characteristics of harm avoidance and self-directedness.

译文

目的:使用青少年气质和性格量表(JTCI)评估患有重性抑郁症(MDD)的儿童和青少年与健康对照对象(HC)的气质和性格特征,并验证合并症是否伴有破坏性行为障碍和当前沮丧的影响力JTCI得分。
方法:一项病例对照研究,包括41位MDD儿童/青少年(按性别和年龄(8-17岁)与40 HC相匹配)。所有患儿均接受了《儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症的时间表-今生与终生》(K-SADS-PL)的诊断评估。用父母和孩子的JTCI量度气质和性格特征,并用儿童抑郁量表(CDRS)评估抑郁症。
结果:根据儿童和父母的数据,与HC相比,MDD受试者在避免伤害和寻求新颖性方面得分较高,而在奖励依赖,持久性,自我导向和合作性方面得分较低。仅根据父母的数据,MDD受试者在自我超越方面与HC显着不同(较低的灵性得分和较高的幻想得分)。破坏性行为障碍的合并症几乎影响所有方面,总体上增加了MDD和HC受试者之间的平均差异。而且,除了根据父母数据得到的奖励依赖外,当前处于沮丧状态不会影响结果。
局限性:研究的横断面性质及其有限的样本量。
结论:与HC受试者相比,MDD儿童/青少年的气质和性格特征有所不同。这项研究支持先前发现的避免伤害和自我指导的特质样特征。

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