INTRODUCTION:Early life is a critical developmental window coinciding with the establishment of a community of neonatal gut microbes which are vitally important for immune development. The composition of this microbial community is affected by multiple factors. AREAS COVERED:The effect of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy maternal health, maternal nutrition, pregnancy disorders such as gestational diabetes, maternal antibiotic usage, delivery mode, infant feeding, and infant antibiotic usage on gut microbial composition are outlined along with the potential impact of associated microbiota differences on infant health. EXPERT OPINION:Recent developments in understanding what shapes our microbiota indicates that the greatest impact on infant gut microbiota composition during the first year of life is seen with the mode of delivery, infant diet, and infant antibiotic usage. Current data is insufficient to fully establish the role of apparently less important factors such as maternal health on microbiota development although their impact is likely smaller. Technological advances will allow for improved understanding of underlying mechanisms by which specific microbes impact on infant health, which in time will enable full appreciation of the role of the gut microbiota in early life development.

译文

简介:早期生命是一个至关重要的发展窗口,这与建立新生儿肠道微生物群落相一致,而新生儿肠道微生物对于免疫发育至关重要。该微生物群落的组成受多种因素影响。
覆盖的区域:概述了孕前和孕期孕产妇健康,孕产妇营养,妊娠疾病(如妊娠糖尿病),孕产妇抗生素使用,分娩方式,婴儿喂养和婴儿抗生素使用对肠道微生物组成的影响,以及孕激素的潜在影响。相关的微生物群差异对婴儿健康的影响。
专家意见:最近了解微生物菌群形状的进展表明,分娩方式,婴儿饮食和婴儿抗生素的使用对生命的第一年对婴儿肠道菌群组成的影响最大。尽管母体健康对微生物群发育的影响可能较小,但目前的数据不足以完全确立诸如母亲健康等看似不太重要的因素的作用。技术的进步将使人们更好地了解特定微生物对婴儿健康的影响的潜在机制,这将使人们充分认识到肠道菌群在早期生命发展中的作用。

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