Purpose:To evaluate the change of retinal thickness and ocular microvasculature in a rat model of retinitis pigmentosa using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). Methods:Three-weeks-old Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats (n = 8) and age-matched control rats (n = 14) were imaged by a prototype SS-OCTA system. Follow-up measurements occurred every three weeks on six RCS rats until week 18, and cross-sectional measurements were conducted on control rats. Thicknesses of different retinal layers and the total retina were measured. The enface angiograms from superficial vascular plexiform (SVP) and deep capillary plexiform (DCP) were analyzed, and the image sharpness was also extracted from the choroidal angiograms. Immunohistochemical analysis was done in the RCS rats after week 18, as well as in three-week-old RCS rats and age-matched controls. Results:In RCS rats, the thicknesses of the ganglion cell complex, the nuclear layer, the debris/photoreceptor layer and the total retina decreased over the weeks (P < 0.001). The SVP metrics remained unchanged whereas the DCP metrics decreased significantly over the weeks (P < 0.001). The immunohistochemical analysis confirmed our OCTA findings of capillary dropout in the DCP. The choroidal plexus appeared indistinct initially due to scattering of light at the intact retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and became more visible after week nine probably due to RPE degeneration. Loss of choriocapillaris was visualized at week 18. In control rats, no vascular change was detected, but nuclear layers, photoreceptor layers and total retina showed slight thinning with age (P < 0.001). Conclusions:Photoreceptor degeneration in RCS rats was associated with the loss of capillaries in DCP, but not in SVP. The OCTA imaging allows for the characterization of structural and angiographic changes in rodent models.

译文

目的:使用扫频光源光学相干断层扫描血管造影(SS-OCTA)评估色素性视网膜炎大鼠模型中视网膜厚度和眼微血管的变化。
方法:使用原型SS-OCTA系统对三周大的皇家外科医学院(RCS)大鼠(n = 8)和年龄匹配的对照大鼠(n = 14)进行成像。在六只RCS大鼠上每三周进行一次随访测量,直到第18周为止,并在对照组大鼠上进行横断面测量。测量不同视网膜层和整个视网膜的厚度。分析了浅表血管丛状(SVP)和深层毛细管丛状(DCP)的面血管造影,并从脉络膜血管造影中提取图像清晰度。在第18周后在RCS大鼠中以及三周大的RCS大鼠和年龄匹配的对照组中进行了免疫组织化学分析。
结果:在RCS大鼠中,神经节细胞复合物,核层,碎片/感光层和总视网膜的厚度在几周内下降(P <0.001)。 SVP指标保持不变,而DCP指标在过去几周中显着下降(P <0.001)。免疫组织化学分析证实了我们在DCP中OCTA的毛细血管脱落现象。脉络丛起初由于在完整的视网膜色素上皮(RPE)处散射而显得模糊,在第9周后可能由于RPE变性而变得更加明显。在第18周观察到脉络膜毛细血管的丧失。在对照组中,未检测到血管变化,但是核层,感光层和整个视网膜随年龄增长而略微变薄(P <0.001)。
结论:RCS大鼠的光感受器变性与DCP中毛细血管的丢失有关,而与SVP中的毛细血管丢失无关。 OCTA成像可表征啮齿动物模型中的结构和血管造影变化。

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