BACKGROUND:Road traffic injuries contribute substantially to the disease burden in India. This paper describes the road safety issues discussed by members of the Indian Parliament, and highlights the gaps that need to be addressed to make road safety visible as a public health problem to policy-makers in India. METHODS:All questions asked to and information provided by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, and questions relating to accident asked to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of the Government of India were reviewed for the two Houses of the Indian Parliament for the years 2002 to 2004. RESULTS:Of the 1529 questions asked to the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, only 140 (9.1%) were related to road safety, whereas 1076 (70.5%), 181 (11.8%), 51 (3.3%) and 81 (5.3%) were related to other aspects of the national highways, state roads, vehicles and other issues, respectively. Data on the magnitude of road crashes dealt only with the number of crashes and fatalities and not with the age, sex and type of road users affected by road traffic injuries. The parliamentarians were informed that human error was the main cause of road crashes in India; however, the robustness of this information is questionable. Strategies to prevent road crashes focused mainly on training of drivers with little attention to other factors that cause road crashes. The discussion on legislations also focused on drivers, ignoring other road users. Ten of the 4741 questions (0.2%) asked to Ministry of Health and Family Welfare were related to accident, the majority of which were about the setting up of trauma care services. CONCLUSION:An appropriate policy and intervention response by policy-makers is not possible with data that are presented in a manner that do not highlight the true nature of the problem, and are neither comprehensive nor robust. Majority of the proposed road safety interventions by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways are based on the traditional view of human error as a major cause of road crashes highlighting the lack of a scientific public health approach towards prevention of road crashes. It would be useful to build the technical capacity of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways in road safety to use the available data more effectively, and to facilitate generation of further relevant data about the magnitude, underlying causes and impact of road traffic injuries, for policy-makers to better understand the critical issues for planning effective road safety policies and interventions to reduce the high burden of mortality and morbidity due to road crashes in India.

译文

背景:道路交通伤害在印度大大增加了疾病负担。本文介绍了印度国会议员所讨论的道路安全问题,并着重指出了需要解决的差距,以使道路安全成为印度决策者的公共卫生问题。
方法:多年来,印度议会两院均审查了道路运输和公路部向印度政府提出的所有问题和提供的信息,以及向印度政府卫生和家庭福利部提出的与事故有关的问题。 2002年至2004年。
结果:在向公路交通和公路部提出的1529个问题中,只有140个(9.1%)与道路安全有关,而1076个(70.5%),181个(11.8%),51个(3.3%)和81个(5.3) %)分别与国道,国道,车辆和其他问题有关。关于道路交通事故严重程度的数据仅涉及道路交通事故和死亡人数,而不涉及受道路交通伤害影响的道路使用者的年龄,性别和类型。议员们获悉,人为错误是印度道路交通事故的主要原因。但是,此信息的鲁棒性值得怀疑。预防道路交通事故的策略主要集中在对驾驶员的培训上,而很少注意引起道路交通事故的其他因素。有关立法的讨论也集中在驾驶员身上,而忽略了其他道路使用者。向卫生和家庭福利部提出的4741个问题中有10个(占0.2%)与事故有关,其中大多数与建立创伤护理服务有关。
结论:政策制定者不可能采取适当的政策和干预措施,而所提供的数据不能突出问题的真实本质,而且既不全面也不可靠。公路运输和公路部拟议的大多数道路安全干预措施均基于传统的人为失误观点,认为人为失误是造成道路交通事故的主要原因,这突出表明缺乏科学的公共卫生方法来预防道路交通事故。建设公路运输和公路部在道路安全方面的技术能力,以便更有效地利用现有数据,并有助于生成有关道路交通伤害的程度,根本原因和影响的进一步相关数据,对于以下方面将是有益的:政策制定者可以更好地了解规划有效的道路安全政策和干预措施的关键问题,以减少印度道路交通事故造成的高死亡率和高发病率负担。

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