BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:Several studies have indicated an inverse association between the incidence of diabetes mellitus and magnesium and dietary fiber intake. Few studies have examined both of these associations together, not to mention in Asian populations with prospective study design. We therefore aimed to study how dietary magnesium and fiber intake levels affect diabetes incidence separately or in combination, in a prospective study in Taiwan. METHODS:The study subjects were recruited for a longitudinal study, CardioVascular Disease risk FACtor Two-township Study cycle 2 from November 1990. Data from complete baseline information on dietary and biochemical profile and at least one additional follow-up visit were gathered on a total of 1604 healthy subjects aged 30 years and over. Cox proportional hazard model was used to study the association between diabetes incidence and dietary magnesium and fiber intake level estimated from a food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS:A total of 141 diabetes mellitus events were identified and confirmed during the 4.6 years of follow-up (7365.1 person-years). A significantly higher diabetes risk was observed for people in the lowest quintile of total dietary fiber intake (hazard ratio = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.17-3.53) and magnesium intake (hazard ratio = 2.61; 95% CI = 1.42-4.79) compared with the highest quintile after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Similar inverse associations for total dietary fiber were also shown for vegetable fiber and fruit fiber. CONCLUSION:Lower magnesium, lower total dietary fiber intake, or lower intake of both was associated with higher risk of diabetes in the Taiwanese population. Clinical trials are required to confirm the protective effects of the adequate intake of fiber, magnesium, and/or their combination.

译文

背景/目的:多项研究表明,糖尿病和镁的发病率与膳食纤维的摄入量成反比。很少有研究同时检查了这两个关联,更不用说在具有前瞻性研究设计的亚洲人群中了。因此,在台湾的一项前瞻性研究中,我们旨在研究饮食中镁和纤维摄入量水平如何单独或组合影响糖尿病的发生。
方法:从1990年11月开始,招募研究对象进行纵向研究,即心血管疾病风险FACtor两镇研究周期2。从饮食和生化特征的完整基线信息以及至少一次其他随访中收集数据30岁及以上的1604名健康受试者。使用Cox比例风险模型研究了根据食物频率问卷估计的糖尿病发病率与膳食镁和纤维摄入水平之间的关联。
结果:在4.6年的随访中(7365.1人年),共确定并确认了141个糖尿病事件。与总膳食纤维摄入量最低的五分之一人群(危险比= 2.04; 95%CI = 1.17-3.53)和镁摄入量(危险比= 2.61; 95%CI = 1.42-4.79)相比,糖尿病风险显着升高在调整了传统的心血管疾病危险因素后,五分位数最高。对于植物纤维和水果纤维,总膳食纤维的相似逆相关性也显示出来。
结论:台湾人群中镁含量降低,膳食纤维总摄入量减少或两者摄入量减少均与糖尿病风险较高有关。需要进行临床试验以确认适当摄入纤维,镁和/或它们的组合的保护作用。

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