The coccidian parasite Cryptosporidium parvum causes diarrhea in humans, calves, and other mammals. Neither immunization nor parasite-specific pharmaceuticals that are consistently effective against this organism are available. While polyclonal antibodies against whole C. parvum reduce infection, their efficacy and predictability are suboptimal. We hypothesized that passive immunization against cryptosporidiosis could be improved by using neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeting functionally defined antigens on the infective stages. We previously reported that the apical complex and surface-exposed zoite antigens CSL, GP25-200, and P23 are critical in the infection process and are therefore rational targets. In the present study, a panel of 126 MAbs generated against affinity-purified CSL, GP25-200, and P23 was characterized to identify the most efficacious neutralizing MAb formulation targeting each antigen. To identify neutralizing MAbs, sporozoite infectivity following exposure to individual MAbs was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of 126 MAbs evaluated, 47 had neutralizing activity. These were then evaluated individually in oocyst-challenged neonatal mice, and 14 MAbs having highly significant efficacy were identified for further testing in formulations. Epitope specificity assays were performed to determine if candidate MAbs recognized the same or different epitopes. Formulations of two or three neutralizing MAbs, each recognizing distinct epitopes, were then evaluated. A formulation of MAbs 3E2 (anti-CSL [alphaCSL]), 3H2 (alphaGP25-200), and 1E10 (alphaP23) provided highly significant additive efficacy over that of either individual MAbs or combinations of two MAbs and reduced intestinal infection by 86 to 93%. These findings indicate that polyvalent neutralizing MAb formulations targeting epitopes on defined antigens may provide optimal passive immunization against cryptosporidiosis.

译文

:球虫寄生虫小隐孢子虫会导致人类,小牛和其他哺乳动物的腹泻。一直无法有效抵抗这种生物体的免疫或寄生虫特异性药物。虽然针对整个小球藻的多克隆抗体可减少感染,但它们的功效和可预测性欠佳。我们假设可以通过在感染阶段使用针对功能界定的抗原的中和单克隆抗体(MAb)来改善针对隐孢子虫病的被动免疫。我们之前曾报道过,根尖复合物和表面暴露的动物齿抗原CSL,GP25-200和P23在感染过程中至关重要,因此是合理的靶标。在本研究中,针对亲和纯化的CSL,GP25-200和P23生成的126个单克隆抗体的特征在于鉴定靶向每种抗原的最有效的中和单克隆抗体制剂。为了鉴定中和的单克隆抗体,通过酶联免疫吸附试验评估暴露于单个单克隆抗体后的子孢子感染性。在评估的126种单克隆抗体中,有47种具有中和活性。然后在卵囊感染的新生小鼠中对它们进行单独评估,并鉴定出具有高度显着功效的14种单克隆抗体,以便在制剂中进一步测试。进行表位特异性测定以确定候选单克隆抗体是否识别相同或不同的表位。然后评估各自识别不同表位的两个或三个中和单克隆抗体的制剂。单抗3E2(抗CSL [alphaCSL]),3H2(alphaGP25-200)和1E10(alphaP23)的配方提供了比单个MAb或两种MAb组合更高的显着加和功效,并将肠道感染减少了86-93 %。这些发现表明,针对限定抗原上的表位的多价中和MAb制剂可提供针对隐孢子虫病的最佳被动免疫。

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录