Immune systems maintain the integrity of organisms by recognising and attacking foreign substances and/or pathogens. However, immune defences can only take place following direct contact with threats. Disgust can prevent infection before contact with potential pathogens: we propose that disgust is an evolved nervous response to a signal reliably co-occurring with infectious environmental disease threats, which motivates behaviour leading to the avoidance of infection. We hypothesize that disgust and immunity form a defensive continuum with overlaps: disgust acts prior to contact with the infectious agent and prevents it from getting into the body; emesis (vomiting) gets it out once inside the gastrointestinal tract, before penetration of the body boundaries; and immunity expels or kills infectious threats following penetration of the body proper. We further propose that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) might be the link between disgust and immunity. 5-HT plays a central role in the induction of the emetic reflex and is possibly involved in the development of learned aversion; it is also a signal used by immune cells and modulates both innate and acquired immunity. We therefore propose 5-HT might mediate the interaction between these two defensive mechanisms.

译文

:免疫系统通过识别和攻击异物和/或病原体来维持生物的完整性。但是,免疫防御只能在直接与威胁接触后进行。厌恶可以在与潜在病原体接触之前预防感染:我们认为,厌恶是对信号的演变性神经反应,该信号可靠地与传染性环境疾病威胁同时发生,从而激发了导致避免感染的行为。我们假设厌恶和免疫力形成了一个具有重叠性的防御性连续体:厌恶行为在与传染原接触之前发生并阻止其进入体内;呕吐(呕吐)一旦进入胃肠道,就会渗透到身体边界之前;免疫力会驱散或杀死人体适当渗透后的传染性威胁。我们进一步提出,血清素(5-羟色胺,5-HT)可能是反感与免疫力之间的联系。 5-HT在催吐反应中起着核心作用,可能参与了学习型厌恶的发展。它也是免疫细胞使用的信号,可调节先天和后天免疫力。因此,我们建议5-HT可能介导这两种防御机制之间的相互作用。

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录