Data from a recently completed study of head injuries reveal that many of these injuries, and deaths from these injuries, result from interpersonal violence and automobile accidents. Such injuries are normally difficult to prevent. In this study it was found that much of the interpersonal violence involves family members and many of the vehicle accidents, especially those that result in death, happen to pedestrians. Prevention thus becomes even more difficult. Based upon these data and observations, five categories of prevention strategies are generated and evaluated. It is determined that the four strategies usually within the domain of traditional prevention (inaction, education, legislation, and design alterations) are not likely to prevent many head injuries or injuries in general. A fifth category is thus recommended. This category requires meaningful involvement of people into work that impacts on the social and political reality of their lives. The prevailing ideology of prevention offered by the health professions is considered and is found to be in opposition to our fifth prevention category. The implications of this opposition are examined and the search for improved health is considered in this context.

译文

:最近完成的一项头部受伤研究的数据显示,其中许多伤害以及这些伤害造成的死亡是人际暴力和交通事故造成的。这种伤害通常很难预防。在这项研究中,发现许多人际暴力都涉及家庭成员,许多行人交通事故,特别是那些导致死亡的交通事故,都发生在行人身上。因此,预防变得更加困难。根据这些数据和观察,生成并评估了五种预防策略。已确定通常在传统预防范围内的四种策略(不作为,教育,立法和设计变更)不太可能预防许多头部受伤或一般情况下的伤害。因此,建议第五类。这一类别要求人们有意义地参与工作,从而影响他们生活中的社会和政治现实。卫生专业人员提出的流行的预防意识形态被认为与我们的第五种预防类别相对立。在这种情况下,审查了这种反对派的含义,并考虑了寻求改善健康状况的努力。

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