BACKGROUND:Cholesterol has been associated as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Recently, however, there is growing evidence about crucial requirement of neuron membrane cholesterol in the organization and function of the 5-HT1A serotonin receptor. For this, low cholesterol level has been reported to be associated with depression and suicidality. However there have been inconsistent reports about this finding and the exact relationship between these factors remains controversial. Therefore, we investigated the link between serum cholesterol and its fractions with depression disorder and suicide attempt in 467 adult subjects in Mexican mestizo population. METHODS:Plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were determined in 261 MDD patients meeting the DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD), 59 of whom had undergone an episode of suicide attempt, and 206 healthy controls. RESULTS:A significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and triglyceride serum levels was observed in the groups of MDD patients and suicide attempt compared to those without suicidal behavior (p < 0.05). After adjusting for covariates, lower cholesterol levels were significantly associated with MDD (OR 4.229 CI 95% 2.555 - 7.000, p<.001) and suicide attempt (OR 5.540 CI 95% 2.825 - 10.866, p<.001) CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that lower levels of cholesterol are associated with mood disorders like MDD and suicidal behavior. More mechanistic studies are needed to further explain this association.

译文

背景:胆固醇已被认为是心血管疾病的危险因素。但是,近来越来越多的证据表明,神经细胞膜胆固醇在5-HT1A血清素受体的组织和功能中至关重要。为此,据报道胆固醇水平低与抑郁和自杀有关。但是,关于这一发现的报道不一致,并且这些因素之间的确切关系仍然存在争议。因此,我们调查了墨西哥混血儿中467名成年受试者的血清胆固醇及其分数与抑郁症和自杀未遂之间的联系。
方法:对261名符合DSM-5重大抑郁症(MDD)标准的MDD患者测定血浆总胆固醇,甘油三酸酯,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)的水平,其中59人经历过一次自杀未遂事件,以及206位健康对照者。
结果:与没有自杀行为的患者相比,MDD患者组和未遂自杀组的总胆固醇,LDL-胆固醇,VLDL-胆固醇和甘油三酯血清水平显着降低(p <0.05)。校正协变量后,较低的胆固醇水平与MDD(OR 4.229 CI 95%2.555-7.000,p <.001)和自杀未遂(OR 5.540 CI 95%2.825-10.866,p <.001)显着相关。结论:这些结果支持以下假设:胆固醇水平降低与诸如MDD和自杀行为之类的情绪障碍有关。需要更多的机理研究来进一步解释这种关联。

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