PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Given that the life expectancy and the burden of hypertension are projected to increase over the next decade, hypertensive heart disease (HHD) may be expected to play an even more central role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A broader understanding of the features and underlying mechanisms that constitute HHD therefore is of paramount importance. RECENT FINDINGS:HHD is a condition that arises as a result of elevated blood pressure and constitutes a key underlying mechanism for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Historically, studies investigating HHD have primarily focused on left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH), but it is increasingly apparent that HHD encompasses a range of target-organ damage beyond LVH, including other cardiovascular structural and functional adaptations that may occur separately or concomitantly. HHD is characterized by micro- and macroscopic myocardial alterations, structural phenotypic adaptations, and functional changes that include cardiac fibrosis, and the remodeling of the atria and ventricles and the arterial system. In this review, we summarize the structural and functional alterations in the cardiac and vascular system that constitute HHD and underscore their underlying pathophysiology.

译文

审查目的:鉴于预期寿命和高血压负担将在未来十年内增加,因此,高血压心脏病(HHD)有望在心血管疾病(CVD)的病理生理学中发挥更加重要的作用。因此,对构成HHD的特征和基本机制的更广泛的理解至关重要。
最近的发现:HHD是由于血压升高而引起的疾病,并构成心血管疾病发病率和死亡率的关键潜在机制。从历史上看,研究HHD的研究主要集中在左心室肥大(LVH),但是越来越明显的是,HHD涵盖了LVH以外的一系列靶器官损害,包括可能单独或同时发生的其他心血管结构和功能适应性改变。 HHD的特征是微观和宏观的心肌改变,结构表型适应以及包括心脏纤维化,心房和心室以及动脉系统重塑在内的功能改变。在这篇综述中,我们总结了构成HHD的心脏和血管系统的结构和功能改变,并强调了其潜在的病理生理学。

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