The influence of type of illness (breast cancer versus osteoarthritis) and age on physical health and functioning, self-system interpretive mechanisms, and women's psychological well-being were examined. Self-system interpretive mechanisms are considered mediators of the effects of physical health on psychological well-being and include social comparisons, social integration, and illness perceptions. Young-old (aged 60-74) and old-old (75 +) women, diagnosed with osteoarthritis (N = 102) or breast cancer (N = 86), who volunteered for the study were interviewed using structured self-report scales. Young-old and old-old women did not differ in terms of health status, interpretive mechanisms, or on three of five indices of psychological well-being. On the other hand, women with arthritis, regardless of age, reported more functional health problems, more symptoms, and perceived their illness as more severe, more chronic, and less controllable than women with breast cancer. Although women with arthritis and breast cancer differed significantly in terms of physical health, they did not differ on multiple measures of psychological well-being. For both groups, women who made more positive social comparisons and who had more extensive social networks had higher levels of psychological well-being, regardless of physical health problems.

译文

研究了疾病类型(乳腺癌与骨关节炎)和年龄对身体健康和功能,自我系统的解释机制以及女性心理健康的影响。自我系统的解释机制被认为是身体健康对心理健康的影响的中介者,包括社会比较,社会融合和疾病感知。自愿参加这项研究的年轻(年龄在60-74岁之间)和老年(75岁)妇女被诊断出患有骨关节炎(N = 102)或乳腺癌(N = 86),他们接受了结构化的自我报告量表的访问。男女老少在健康状况,解释机制或心理健康五个指标中的三个方面都没有差异。另一方面,与乳腺癌女性相比,患有关节炎的女性,无论年龄大小,都报告了更多的功能性健康问题,更多的症状,并且认为自己的疾病更严重,更慢性,更难控制。尽管患有关节炎和乳腺癌的妇女在身体健康方面存在显着差异,但在心理健康的多种衡量指标上并没有差异。对于这两个群体,无论身体健康问题如何,进行更积极的社会比较并拥有更广泛的社交网络的女性都有较高的心理健康水平。

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