In recent decades, we have realized that honey bee viruses are not, in fact, exclusive to honey bees. The potential impact of Apis-affiliated viruses on native pollinators is prompting concern. Our research addresses the issue of virus crossover between honey bees and native bees foraging in the same localities. We measured the presence of black queen cell virus (BQCV), deformed wing virus (DWV) and sacbrood virus (SBV) in managed Apis mellifera (honey bees) and native Andrena spp. (subgenus Melandrena) bee populations in five commercial orchards. We identified viral presence across sites and bees and related these data to measures of bee community diversity. All viruses were found in both managed and native bees, and BQCV was the most common virus in each. To establish evidence for viral crossover between taxa, we undertook an additional examination of BQCV where 74 samples were sequenced and placed in a global phylogenic framework of hundreds of BQCV strains. We demonstrate pathogen sharing across managed honey bees and distantly related wild bees. This phylogenetic analysis contributes to growing evidence for host switching and places local incidence patterns in a worldwide context, revealing multispecies viral transmission.

译文

:近几十年来,我们意识到蜜蜂病毒实际上并不是蜜蜂专有的。 Apis附属病毒对本地授粉媒介的潜在影响正引起人们的关注。我们的研究解决了蜜蜂和本地蜜蜂在同一地方觅食之间的病毒交叉问题。我们测量了托管的蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)(蜜蜂)和天然Andrena spp中黑皇后细胞病毒(BQCV),变形翼病毒(DWV)和虫病毒(SBV)的存在。 (Melandrena属)五个商业果园中的蜜蜂种群。我们确定了跨站点和蜜蜂的病毒存在,并将这些数据与蜜蜂群落多样性的度量相关联。所有病毒都在托管蜜蜂和本地蜜蜂中发现,而BQCV是每种蜜蜂中最常见的病毒。为了建立分类群之间病毒交叉的证据,我们对BQCV进行了另一项检查,其中对74个样品进行了测序,并将其放置在数百个BQCV菌株的全球系统发育框架中。我们证明了在管理的蜜蜂和远距离相关的野生蜜蜂之间存在病原体共享。这种系统发育分析为宿主转移提供了越来越多的证据,并将局部发病模式置于全球范围内,揭示了多种病毒的传播。

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