BACKGROUND:In 2009, 6.7% of the estimated 1.1 million persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States were youths (defined in this report as persons aged 13-24 years); more than half of youths with HIV (59.5%) were unaware of their infection. METHODS:CDC used National HIV Surveillance System data to estimate, among youths, prevalence rates of diagnosed HIV infection in 2009 and the number of new infections (incidence) in 2010. To assess the prevalence of risk factors and HIV testing among youths, CDC used the 2009 and 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System for 9th-12th grade students and the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for persons 18-24 years. RESULTS:Prevalence of diagnosed HIV was 69.5 per 100,000 youths at the end of 2009. Youths accounted for 12,200 (25.7%) new HIV infections in 2010. Of these, 7,000 (57.4%) were among blacks/African Americans, 2,390 (19.6%) among Hispanics/Latinos, and 2,380 (19.5%) among whites; 8,800 (72.1%) were attributed to male-to-male sexual contact. The percentage of youths tested for HIV overall was 12.9% among high school students and 34.5% among those aged 18-24 years; it was lower among males than females, and lower among whites and Hispanics/Latinos than blacks/African Americans. CONCLUSIONS:A disproportionate number of new HIV infections occurs among youths, especially blacks/African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, and men who have sex with men (MSM). The percentage of youths tested for HIV, however, was low, particularly among males. Implications for Public Health: More effort is needed to provide effective school- and community-based interventions to ensure all youths, particularly MSM, have the knowledge, skills, resources, and support necessary to avoid HIV infection. Health-care providers and public health agencies should ensure that youths are tested for HIV and have access to sexual health services, and that HIV-positive youths receive ongoing health-care and prevention services.

译文

背景:2009年,在美国估计有110万人患有人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的人口中,有6.7%是青年(本报告中定义为13至24岁的人);一半以上的艾滋病毒青年(59.5%)没有意识到自己的感染。
方法:疾病预防控制中心使用国家艾滋病毒监测系统的数据来估计年轻人中2009年确诊的艾滋病毒感染率和2010年的新感染人数(发病率)。为评估青少年中危险因素和艾滋病毒检测的患病率,疾病预防控制中心针对9至12年级学生的2009年和2011年青少年风险行为监控系统,以及针对18至24岁人群的2010年全国健康访问调查(NHIS)。
结果:2009年底,诊断出的艾滋病毒患病率为每10万名青年中69.5名。2010年,青年新感染艾滋病毒的人数为12,200(25.7%)。其中,黑人/非裔美国人中有7,000(57.4%),2,390(19.6%)。 )在西班牙裔/拉丁裔中,白人中有2,380名(19.5%); 8,800(72.1%)来自男女之间的性接触。在高中生中,接受艾滋病毒检测的年轻人总体百分比为12.9%,在18-24岁年龄段的年轻人中为34.5%;男性比女性低,而白人和西班牙裔/拉丁美洲人比黑人/非裔美国人低。
结论:年轻人中,尤其是黑人/非裔美国人,西班牙裔/拉丁裔和与男性发生性关系的男性中,新感染艾滋病毒的比例不成比例。但是,接受艾滋病毒检测的年轻人比例很低,尤其是在男性当中。对公共卫生的影响:需要付出更多的努力来提供有效的基于学校和社区的干预措施,以确保所有青年,尤其是男男性接触者,拥有避免感染艾滋病毒所需的知识,技能,资源和支持。卫生保健提供者和公共卫生机构应确保对青年进行艾滋病毒检测并获得性保健服务,并确保艾滋病毒呈阳性的青年得到持续的卫生保健和预防服务。

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