PURPOSE:The leading causes of mortality among Hispanics living in the United States are smoking related. This study sought to systematically review smoking cessation interventions targeting healthy Hispanic adults living in the United States, to conduct a "mini" meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, and to offer recommendations for future research. DATA SOURCES:Studies were identified through computerized bibliographic databases (PsychINFO, PsycARTICLES, PsycFirst, MEDLINE, Science Direct, and Dissertation Abstracts Online), article reference lists, conference abstracts, and unpublished data through October 2008. STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA:Evaluation of a smoking cessation intervention among healthy U.S. Hispanic adults. Studies included in the meta-analysis were also required to be randomized controlled trials. DATA EXTRACTION:Twelve studies were eligible for the systematic review and five studies for the meta-analysis. Two independent raters coded each study. DATA SYNTHESIS:Interventions consisted of self-help, nicotine replacement therapy, and community-based interventions, as well as individual, group, and telephone counseling. There was evidence for the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions at the end of treatment (odds ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-2.16), which was attenuated in the longer term. CONCLUSIONS:Tobacco use among U.S. Hispanics is a growing public health concern. Smoking cessation interventions demonstrate promise among Hispanic adults living in the United States. More randomized trials evaluating tobacco interventions in this special population are warranted, with examination of the effect of cultural specificity and acculturation.

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目的:居住在美国的西班牙裔美国人的主要死亡原因与吸烟有关。这项研究试图系统地回顾针对居住在美国的健康西班牙裔成年人的戒烟干预措施,对随机对照试验进行“小型”荟萃分析,并为以后的研究提供建议。
数据来源:研究通过计算机参考书目数据库(PsychINFO,PsycARTICLES,PsycFirst,MEDLINE,Science Direct和Dissertation Online)进行识别,并列出了文献参考清单,会议摘要和截至2008年10月的未公开数据。
研究纳入和排除标准:美国健康的西班牙裔成年人中戒烟干预措施的评估。荟萃分析中包括的研究也需要进行随机对照试验。
数据提取:十二项研究符合系统评价要求,五项研究适合荟萃分析。每个研究由两个独立的评估者编码。
数据综合:干预措施包括自助,尼古丁替代疗法和基于社区的干预措施,以及个人,团体和电话咨询。有证据表明治疗结束时戒烟干预的有效性(优势比为1.54; 95%的置信区间为1.09-2.16),但从长远来看会减弱。
结论:美国西班牙裔人群中的烟草使用引起了越来越多的公共卫生关注。戒烟干预措施证明了居住在美国的西班牙裔成年人的希望。有必要进行更多随机试验来评估这一特殊人群中的烟草干预措施,并检验文化特异性和适应性的影响。

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